Cited by 1,227Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentMental Health Treatment and AccessAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

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The British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Survey 1999: The Prevalence of DSM-IV Disorders

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FORD, TAMSIN, GOODMAN, ROBERT, MELTZER, HOWARD·2003·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

DOI 10.1097/00004583-200310000-00011

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Abstract

Objective To describe the prevalence of DSM-IV disorders and comorbidity in a large population-based sample of British children and adolescents.Method Using a one-phase design, 10,438 children were assessed using the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA), a structured interview with verbatim reports reviewed by clinicians so that information from parents, teachers, and children was combined in a manner that emulated the clinical process. The authors' analysis examined comorbidity and the influence of teacher reports.Results The overall prevalence of DSM-IV disorders was 9.5% (95% confidence interval 8.8-10.1%), but 2.1% of children were assigned "not otherwise specified" rather than operationalized diagnoses. After adjusting for the presence of a third disorder, there was no longer significant comorbidity between anxiety and conduct disorder or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), or between depression and oppositional defiant disorder. A comparison of the disorders in children with and without teacher reports suggested that the prevalence of conduct disorders and ADHD would be underestimated in the absence of teacher information.Conclusions Roughly 1 in 10 children have at least one DSM-IV disorder, involving a level of distress or social impairment likely to warrant treatment. Comorbidity reported between some childhood diagnoses may be due to the association of both disorders with a third. Diagnoses of conduct disorder and ADHD may be missed if information is not sought from teachers about children's functioning in school.

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“Zwischen Jungen und Mädchen zeigen sich in den bislang vorliegenden Studien Unterschiede dahingehend, dass die Prävalenzraten für Jungen insgesamt höher sind [Ford et al., 2003; Huss et al., 2008].”
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Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Following Unintentional Injuries in Children
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“6% in children between 10-15 years (5).”
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“In the general population reported prevalence oscillates between 1.7% and 9.2% (Costello et al. 2003; Ford et al. 2003; Gau et al. 2005; Mullick and Goodman 2005).”
BackgroundInfluential
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Symptoms and diagnoses of patients referring to a child and adolescent psychiatry polyclinic
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Çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrisi polikliniğine başvuran hastalarda belirti ve tanı dağılımları
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Self-citation
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“The reliability of DAWBA diagnoses has been consistently high in studies of inter‐rater reliability in population‐based studies (Aebi et al., 2012; Fleitlich‐Bilyk & Goodman, 2004; Ford et al., 2003; Heiervang et al., 2007; Office for National Statistics. Social and Vital Statistics Division et al., 2004) and in the I…”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
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“Because of early age of onset and the chronic course of psychosocial distress, the prevention, detection, and treatment of these diseases in childhood and adolescent age is very important [7].”
Background
Separation Anxiety, Social Phobia and Generalized Anxiety Disorders in the Chilean Epidemiological Study of Children and Adolescents
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“The three anxiety disorders evaluated in this study are more prevalent in girls than in boys, coinciding with all the other studies [3,13,24,26,30,31].”
Result
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Holmes, M. C., Donovan, C. L., & Farrell, L. J. (2015) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.29.4.275 · Cited by 9
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ADHD in children: An overview of treatment
Laver‐Bradbury, C. (2013) · Nurse Prescribing · doi:10.12968/npre.2013.11.12.597 · Cited by 8
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“Multidimensional responses for assessing the severity of the psychological symptoms and risk factors and relatively lower prevalence of them may provide more reliable identification of the cases (54, 55).”
Background
Prolonged breastfeeding for 24 months or more and mental health at 6 years of age: evidence from the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study, Brazil
Delgado, C., Munhoz, T. N., Santos, I. S., Barros, F. C., & Matijasevich, A. (2017) · Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1111/camh.12224 · Cited by 8
Parental mental health screening in a neuropaediatric sample: Psychometric properties of the Everyday Feeling Questionnaire and variables associated with parental mental health
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The British welfare state and mental health problems: the continuing relevance of the work of Claus Offe
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Authors: FORD, T., GOODMAN, R., & MELTZER, H.
Affiliations: King's College London (GB)
Office for National Statistics (GB)
ORCID: FORD, TAMSIN
GOODMAN, ROBERT
Venue: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2003-10
Volume: 42
Issue: 10
Pages: 1203-1211
ISSN: 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/00004583-200310000-00011
OpenAlex: W2057670386
Cited by: 1,227
References: 37
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 59 · 2016: 75 · 2015: 88 · 2014: 102 · 2013: 84 · 2012: 103
FWCI: 32.91
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Wellcome Trust
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Keywords: child and adolescent mental health, DSM-IV disorders, prevalence, comorbidities, conduct disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorders, depression, oppositional defiant disorder, teacher reports, Development and Well-Being Assessment, school functioning
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Mental Disorders, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, United Kingdom, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Social Behavior, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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The British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Survey 1999: The Prevalence of DSM-IV Disorders

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