Cited by 810Physical Activity and HealthHealth Education and ValidationPsychometric Methodologies and Testing

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Testing the Reliability and Validity of the Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale

Resnick, Barbara, Jenkins, Louise S.·2000·Nursing Research

DOI 10.1097/00006199-200005000-00007

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The measure for self-efficacy barriers to exercise was developed for adults and revised on the basis of quantitative and qualitative research with older adults so it would be more appropriate for that age group. OBJECTIVES: To test the reliability and validity of the Self-Efficacy for Exercise (SEE) Scale. METHODS: Initial reliability and validity testing was performed using a sample of 187 older adults living in a continuing care retirement community. The average age of the participants was 85 +/- 6.2 years, and most were White (98%), female (82%), and unmarried (80%). Face-to-face interviews were completed and included the SEE, the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), and the Expected Outcomes and Barriers for Habitual Exercise scale. Exercise activity was based on verbal report of participation in aerobic exercise (walking, swimming, biking, or jogging). RESULTS: There was sufficient evidence of internal consistency (alpha = 0.92), and a squared multiple correlation coefficient using structural equation modeling provided further evidence of reliability (R2 ranged from 0.38 to 0.76). There was evidence of validity of the measure based on hypothesis testing: Mental and physical health scores on the SF-12 predicted efficacy expectations, and efficacy expectations predicted exercise activity. Lambda X estimates (all estimates > or = 0.81) provided further evidence of validity. CONCLUSION: Preliminary testing provided evidence for the reliability and validity of the SEE scale. Future testing of the scale needs to be done with young old adults and subjects from different socioeconomic and cultural groups.

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Authors: Resnick, B., & Jenkins, L. S.
Affiliations: University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
ORCID: Resnick, Barbara
Venue: Nursing Research
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2000-05
Volume: 49
Issue: 3
Pages: 154-159
ISSN: 0029-6562 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/00006199-200005000-00007
OpenAlex: W2073037367
Semantic Scholar: e83f9800cb1b684862b784f20becd7a831579274
Cited by: 810
References: 32
Citations by year: 2026: 64 · 2025: 79 · 2024: 86 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 65 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 22
FWCI: 2.05
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Nursing Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Health Education and Validation
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Keywords: exercise self-efficacy, older adults, scale reliability, scale validity, barriers to exercise, exercise activity, physical health, mental health, continuing care retirement communities, psychometric validation
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Reproducibility of Results, Exercise, Self Efficacy

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Testing the Reliability and Validity of the Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale

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