Attenuated free cortisol response to psychosocial stress in children with atopic dermatitis
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by a hyperactivity of the humoral immune system with an onset in infancy or early childhood. Although most of the research has focused on the pathophysiological role of the immune system in AD, the impact of endocrine signals in the pathology of AD has received only little attention. However, because the endocrine system may play a regulatory role in immune functioning, it might be of major interest to study endocrine reactivity in AD patients. The present two-part study investigated the relationship between adrenocortical stress response, heart rate response, and psychological parameters in children with AD. METHOD AND RESULTS: In Study 1, a protocol for induction of psychosocial stress in children aged 8 to 14 years was evaluated. Healthy children (N = 16) were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C) that mainly consists of public speaking and mental arithmetic tasks in front of an audience. Salivary cortisol was measured 35, 15, and 1 minute before as well as 1, 10, 20, and 30 minutes after the stress; heart rate was monitored continuously. Results showed that the protocol induced a highly significant increase in free cortisol response (p < .001) and heart rate (p < .001). In Study 2, the TSST-C was applied to AD children (N = 15) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (N = 15). All patients were in remission and medication-free for at least 3 weeks. Again, the stress test induced significant increases in cortisol and heart rate. However, the AD children showed a significantly blunted cortisol response to the stressor compared with the control group (p < .05). Heart rate responses were similar in both experimental groups. Neither subjective stress ratings nor personality traits were related to the blunted cortisol response. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the adrenocortical response to stress is attenuated in atopic children. A hyporesponsive hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis might explain in part the stress-induced eruptions of AD symptoms.
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The TSST has been found to reliably induce psychological and endocrine stress responses in different populations of adults, children, and youth.
“The TSST has been found to reliably induce psychological and endocrine stress responses in different populations of adults, children, and youth (27,28).”
From Cortisol response to stress in female youths exposed to childhood maltreatment: results of the youth mood project (2009) · cites this paper as [28]
Peak cortisol concentrations are reliably found 10 minutes after stress termination in this protocol.
“Peak cortisol concentrations are reliably found 10 minutes after stress termination in this protocol (28).”
From Cortisol response to stress in female youths exposed to childhood maltreatment: results of the youth mood project (2009) · cites this paper as [28]
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- Authors
- Buske-Kirschbaum, A., Jobst, S., Wustmans, A., Kirschbaum, C., Rauh, W., & Hellhammer, D.
- Affiliations
- Universität Trier (DE)
- Venue
- Psychosomatic Medicine
- Published
- 1997
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 419-426
- ISSN
- 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2007792232
- Cited by
- 696
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 4.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- atopic dermatitis, psychosocial stress, free cortisol, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, blunted cortisol response, heart rate, Trier Social Stress Test for Children, children, endocrine-immune interaction
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adrenal Cortex, Arousal, Child, Dermatitis, Atopic, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Social Environment, Stress, Psychological
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