Cited by 131Neuropeptides and Animal PhysiologyStress Responses and CortisolNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

Increased Anxiety‐Like Behavior and Ethanol Self‐Administration in Dependent Rats: Reversal via Corticotropin‐Releasing Factor‐2 Receptor Activation

Valdez, Glenn R., Sabino, Valentina, Koob, George F.·2004·Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research

Abstract

Background: Corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) has been hypothesized to be one of the main regulators of the stress response observed during alcohol withdrawal. The CRF receptor subtypes seem to have a differential role in the regulation of stress‐related behavior. Given the behavioral characterization of these receptors, the objective of the following experiments was to characterize the role of CRF 2 receptors in the interaction between alcohol and stress by examining the effects of CRF 2 receptor activation in the behavioral stress response and ethanol self‐administration during early ethanol withdrawal in dependent rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were made dependent on ethanol via chronic exposure to an ethanol containing liquid diet. Behavior in the elevated plus maze and ethanol self‐administration were measured at 2 hr after removal of the diet. The role of the CRF 2 receptor in the regulation of these behaviors during the early stages of withdrawal was examined via central injection of the highly selective CRF 2 receptor agonist urocortin 3. Results: Rats showed decreased exploration of the open arms of the elevated plus maze, an indication of a heightened behavioral stress response, after chronic ethanol exposure. This effect was attenuated by central injection of urocortin 3. In addition, urocortin 3 injections reversed the increase in ethanol self‐administration observed during early withdrawal in dependent rats. Conclusions: Reversal of the increased stress‐related behavior in the elevated plus maze observed after injections of urocortin 3 indicates that the decreased responding for ethanol also seen after urocortin 3 administration is likely due to a diminished anxiety‐like state. These data suggest that activation of the CRF 2 receptor may provide a novel target in the attenuation of the stress response characteristic of the early stages of ethanol withdrawal.

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Crossref · 10.1097/01.alc.0000128222.29875.40

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  • Nonselective CRF antagonists and CRF-R1 antagonists selectively block excessive consumption of several drugs in dependent rats but not non-dependent rats.

    “Nonselective CRF antagonists, as well as CRF-R1 antagonists, selectively block excessive consumption of several drugs of abuse in dependent rats, but not in non-dependent rats (Valdez et al 2004; Funk et al 2006; Funk et al 2007).”
  • A CRF-R2 agonist also blocks excessive alcohol consumption in dependent rats, suggesting opposite roles for CRF-R1 and CRF-R2.

    “However, a CRF-R2 agonist also blocked excessive alcohol consumption in dependent rats, suggesting opposite roles for these two receptors (Valdez et al 2004).”
  • CRF-R1 activation mediates many stress effects in rats; CRF-R2 activation can be the same, opposing, or ineffective depending on assay and brain region.

    “CRF-R1 activation mediates many of these stress effects in rats, while CRF-R2 activation is alternately the same as CRF-R1, opposing CRF-R1, or ineffective in modulating stress, depending on the assay and the brain region (Ho et al 2001; Takahashi et al 2001; Valdez et al 2004; Zhao et al 2007; for a review see Heinrichs and Koob, 2004).”

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Authors
Valdez, G. R., Sabino, V., & Koob, G. F.
Affiliations
  • Scripps Research Institute (US)
  • University of Palermo (IT)
Corresponding author
Valdez, Glenn R.
Venue
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2004-06
Volume
28
Issue
6
Pages
865-872
ISSN
  • 0145-6008 (ISSN-L)
  • 1530-0277
OpenAlex
W1997296561
Cited by
131
References
70
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 8
FWCI
3.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5f31aa005563-02)
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA12602, AA05563, AA-08459, R01AA012602)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords
urocortin 3, ethanol withdrawal, anxiety-like behavior, ethanol self-administration, behavioral stress response, alcoholism, elevated plus maze, alcohol withdrawal treatment
MeSH terms
Ethanol, Alcoholism, Animals, Anxiety, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Exploratory Behavior, Male, Self Administration, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Rats, Wistar, Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Rats, Urocortins

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