Substance Use in Persons With Schizophrenia: Baseline Prevalence and Correlates From the NIMH CATIE Study
Abstract
This study examined baseline correlates of substance use in the NIMH Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness project. Approximately 60% of the sample was found to use substances, including 37% with current evidence of substance use disorders. Users (with and without substance use disorders), compared with nonusers, were significantly more likely to be male, be African-American, have lower educational attainment, have a recent period of homelessness, report more childhood conduct problems, have a history of major depression, have lower negative symptom and higher positive symptom scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and have a recent illness exacerbation. Individuals with comorbid substance use disorders were significantly more likely to be male, report more childhood conduct problems, have higher positive symptom scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and have a recent illness exacerbation. These analyses suggest that substance use disorders in schizophrenia are especially common among men with a history of childhood conduct disorder problems and that childhood conduct disorder problems are potent risk factors for substance use disorders in schizophrenia.
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In dual disorders, 32.2% of individuals with concurrent disorders reported having a major depressive episode in the 5 years preceding the study.
“In dual disorders, a study of the different clinical correlates in SMI with data from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) in the United States (n=1,460) mentioned that 32.2% of individuals with concurrent disorders reported having a major depressive episode in the 5 years preceding the study (18).”
From Mobile intervention for individuals with psychosis, dual disorders, and their common comorbidities: A literature review (2019) · cites this paper as [18]
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- Authors
- Swartz, M. S., Wagner, H. R., Swanson, J. W., Stroup, T. S., McEvoy, J. P., Canive, J. M., Miller, D. D., Reimherr, F., McGee, M., Khan, A., Van Dorn, R., Rosenheck, R. A., & Lieberman, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- University of Iowa (US)
- University of Utah (US)
- Corresponding author
- Swartz, Marvin S.
- Wagner, H Ryan
- Swanson, Jeffrey W.
- McEvoy, Joseph P.
- Rosenheck, Robert A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease
- Published
- 2006-03
- Volume
- 194
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 164-172
- ISSN
- 0022-3018 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2093348590
- Cited by
- 146
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 10.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Pfizer
- University of Missouri
- National Institutes of Health (n01mh90001-21-0-0)
- National Institute of Mental Health (N01 MH90001)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Homelessness and Social Issues
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, substance use disorders, comorbidities, child conduct problems, risk factors, negative symptoms, positive symptoms, homelessness, major depressive disorder, African American men, educational attainment
- MeSH terms
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Piperazines, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Sex Factors, Thiazoles, Antipsychotic Agents, United States, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry), Conduct Disorder, Substance-Related Disorders
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