Cited by 157Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances researchCarcinogens and Genotoxicity AssessmentFluoride Effects and Removal

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Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate Production and Occupational Mortality

Lundin, Jessica I., Alexander, Bruce H., Olsen, Geary W., Church, Timothy R.·2009·Epidemiology

DOI 10.1097/ede.0b013e3181b5f395

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) is a synthetic chemical widely detectable in blood of nonoccupationally exposed persons. Its human health effects are not well-characterized. METHODS: We conducted a mortality study in a cohort of 3993 employees of an ammonium perfluorooctanoate (APFO) manufacturing facility. APFO rapidly dissociates to PFOA in blood. We estimated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) compared with the general population, and fit time-dependent Cox regression models to estimate the risks using an internal-cohort referent population. A priori diseases of interest were liver, pancreatic, prostate, and testicular cancer; cirrhosis of the liver; and cerebrovascular disease. RESULTS: APFO exposure was not associated with liver, pancreatic or testicular cancer or with cirrhosis of the liver. SMRs (95% CI) for prostate cancer with no, probable and definite exposure strata were 0.4 (0.1-0.9), 0.9 (0.4-1.8), and 2.1 (0.4-6.1), respectively, and for cerebrovascular disease 0.5 (0.3-0.8), 0.7 (0.4-1.1), and 1.6 (0.5-3.7), respectively. The diabetes SMR for probable exposure was 2.0 (1.0-3.2). Compared with an internal referent population of nonexposed workers, moderate or high exposures to ammonium perfluorooctanoate were positively associated with prostate cancer (HR = 3.0 [0.9-9.7] and 6.6 [1.1-37.7], respectively) and with cerebrovascular disease (1.8 [0.9-3.1] and 4.6 [1.3-17.0], respectively). Diabetes was associated with moderate exposure 3.7 (1.4-10.1); no deaths from diabetes occurred in workers with high exposure. CONCLUSION: We did not observe ammonium perfluorooctanoate exposure to be associated with liver, pancreatic, and testicular cancer or cirrhosis of the liver. Exposure was associated (albeit inconsistently) with prostate cancer, cerebrovascular disease, and diabetes.

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Authors: Lundin, J. I., Alexander, B. H., Olsen, G. W., & Church, T. R.
Affiliations: University of Minnesota (US)
3M (United States) (US)
Corresponding author: Alexander, Bruce H.
ORCID: Lundin, Jessica I.
Alexander, Bruce H.
Olsen, Geary W.
Church, Timothy R.
Venue: Epidemiology
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2009-11
Volume: 20
Issue: 6
Pages: 921-928
ISSN: 1044-3983 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/ede.0b013e3181b5f395
OpenAlex: W2171348449
Cited by: 156
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 13
FWCI: 6.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Fluoride Effects and Removal
Keywords: ammonium perfluorooctanoate, perfluorooctanoic acid, occupational exposure, industrial workers, mortality, prostate cancer, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, testicular cancer, liver cirrhosis
MeSH terms: Caprylates, Female, Fluorocarbons, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Minnesota, Mortality, Cohort Studies, Proportional Hazards Models, Occupational Exposure

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Ammonium Perfluorooctanoate Production and Occupational Mortality

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