Autism spectrum disorder phenotypes and prenatal exposure to methylmercury
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: There continues to be public concern that mercury exposure and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be associated. The primary source of exposure to organic mercury in humans is to methylmercury from fish consumption. We evaluated the association between prenatal methylmercury exposure and ASD phenotype in children and adolescents in the Republic of Seychelles, where fish consumption is high. METHODS: We administered the Social Communication Questionnaire to parents of a cohort of 1784 children, adolescents, and young adults. The Social Responsiveness Scale was administered to teachers of 537 cohort subjects at about 10 years of age. Prenatal exposure to methylmercury was measured in maternal hair samples collected at or near the time of birth. Multivariable regression models evaluated the relationship between prenatal methylmercury exposure and ASD phenotypic scores, adjusting for relevant covariates. RESULTS: The mean prenatal methylmercury exposure for subjects in the analysis was 8.4 ppm (standard deviation [SD] = 5.7). The mean Social Communication Questionnaire score was 8.0 (SD = 4.4). The mean prenatal methylmercury exposure for subjects with Social Responsiveness Scale scores was 6.7 ppm (SD = 4.4) and the mean Social Responsiveness Scale score was 57.6 (SD = 26.8). No consistent association between prenatal methylmercury exposure and ASD screening instrument was found, using linear and nonlinear regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal exposure to methylmercury was not associated with ASD phenotypic behaviors in our cohort of high fish consumers. Our findings contribute to the growing literature suggesting that exposure to methylmercury does not play an important role in the development of ASD phenotypic behavior.
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The only metal biomarker study was in a high fish-consuming population with limited generalizability.
“The only biomarker study took place in a high fish-consuming population with limited generalizability to other populations.”
From Environmental Chemical Exposures and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Review of the Epidemiological Evidence (2014) · cites this paper as [96]
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- Authors
- van Wijngaarden, E., Davidson, P. W., Smith, T. H., Evans, K., Yost, K., Love, T., Thurston, S. W., Watson, G. E., Zareba, G., Burns, C. M., Shamlaye, C. F., & Myers, G. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Rochester Medicine (US)
- Ministry of Health (SC)
- Venue
- Epidemiology
- Published
- 2013-09
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 651-659
- ISSN
- 1044-3983 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3732522
- OpenAlex
- W1984688292
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 4.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01ES010219, R21ES015487, P30 ES0 1247, R01 ES 08442, R21-ES-15487, R01ES008442, R01ES015578, T32ES007271, P30ES001247)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, prenatal methylmercury exposure, fish consumption, mercury, maternal hair mercury, Social Communication Questionnaire, Social Responsiveness Scale, autism phenotype, brain development
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Animals, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Diet, Female, Fishes, Food Contamination, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Methylmercury Compounds, Phenotype, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Surveys and Questionnaires, Seychelles
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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