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Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression: Current Progress and Future Directions
Open accessAbstract
The World Health Organization estimates that during a given 12-month period, approximately 34 million people suffering from major depressive disorder go untreated in Europe and the Americas alone. Barriers to treatment include geographic distance, lack of mental health insurance, prohibitive cost of treatment, long wait-lists, and perceived stigma. Over the past two decades, Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (iCBT) programs have proliferated. A growing body of research supports the efficacy of iCBT for depression and other psychiatric conditions, and these programs may help address barriers that hinder access to effective treatment. The present review describes common iCBT programs along with the evidence base supporting their efficacy in reducing symptoms of depression, reviews research on moderators of treatment response, and provides suggestions for future directions in research and care.
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“It is unlikely in light of this that college campuses will have sufficient resources to support student needs for mental health services, exacerbating the problems that already exist in the mental health treatment system of escalating financial expenses and long waitlists (Andersson & Titov, 2014; Webb, Rosso, & Rauch, 2017).”
From WHO World Mental Health Surveys International College Student Project: Prevalence and distribution of mental disorders. (2018) · cites this paper as Webb, Rosso, & Rauch, 2017
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“Guidance may facilitate adherence to treatment and is important to increase efficacy (Baumeister et al., 2014; Webb et al., 2017).”
From Internet-based treatment for vulvodynia (EMBLA) – Study protocol for a randomised controlled study (2021) · cites this paper as Webb et al., 2017
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“Nevertheless, loss to follow-up seems to be a problem among internet interventions trials (Mathieu et al., 2013) and high dropout rates and low retention rates are a known issue among iCBT trials (Webb et al., 2017).”
From Internet-based treatment for vulvodynia (EMBLA) – Study protocol for a randomised controlled study (2021) · cites this paper as Webb et al., 2017
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“Although there still is a striking lack of verified predictors of outcome in iCBT (Webb et al., 2017), the participants strongly expressed that comorbidity can be a complicating factor, and that patients with more severe anxiety disorders may need more resource-intensive interventions, such as face-to-face CBT or referral to specialist psychiatric care.”
From Transitioning from face-to-face treatment to iCBT for youths in primary care – therapists' attitudes and experiences (2020) · cites this paper as Webb et al., 2017
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“This is a missed opportunity given that systematic reviews show that internet-based CBT is significantly effective compared with control groups in reducing anxiety, especially when supported by therapist’s email or phone contact [51], and in reducing depression symptoms [52].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Webb, C. A., Rosso, I. M., & Rauch, S. L.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Webb, Christian A.
- Venue
- Harvard Review of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2017-05
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 114-122
- ISSN
- 1067-3229 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-7309
- PMC
- PMC5421393
- OpenAlex
- W2611823066
- Cited by
- 217
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 61 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 1.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Harvard Review of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH096987, K23MH108752)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy, depression, major depressive disorder, barriers to treatment, access to mental health care, treatment efficacy, treatment moderators, digital mental health interventions
- MeSH terms
- Depression, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, Internet
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