Diabetes and Pancreatic Cancer: Chicken or Egg?

Magruder, J. Trent; Elahi, Dariush; Andersen, Dana K.

doi:10.1097/mpa.0b013e318209e05d

Cited by 140Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology ResearchMetabolism, Diabetes, and CancerCancer Risks and Factors

Diabetes and Pancreatic Cancer: Chicken or Egg?

Magruder, J. Trent, Elahi, Dariush, Andersen, Dana K.·2011·Pancreas

DOI 10.1097/mpa.0b013e318209e05d

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Although half of all patients with pancreatic cancer are diabetic at the time of diagnosis, it remains unclear whether the diabetes associated with pancreatic cancer is a cause or an effect of the malignancy. METHODS: Epidemiologic studies were reviewed, the geographic prevalence of diabetes and the incidence of pancreatic cancer were examined, and clinical and laboratory studies were reviewed. RESULTS: Long-standing diabetes increases the risk of pancreatic cancer by 40% to 100%, and recent-onset diabetes is associated with a 4- to 7-fold increase in risk, such that 1% to 2% of patients with recent-onset diabetes will develop pancreatic cancer within 3 years. Treatment of diabetes or morbid obesity decreases the risk of pancreatic cancer, and metformin therapy decreases the risk due to both its antidiabetic and antineoplastic effects. Recent-onset diabetes associated with pancreatic cancer likely represents secondary or type 3 diabetes. The discrimination of type 3 diabetes from the more prevalent type 2 diabetes may identify the high-risk subgroup of diabetic patients in whom potentially curable pancreatic cancer may be found. CONCLUSIONS: Type 2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus increase the risk of pancreatic cancer with a latency period of more than 5 years. Type 3 diabetes mellitus is an effect, and therefore a harbinger, of pancreatic cancer in at least 30% of patients.

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There is 1-2% of diabetic patients who will develop pancreatic cancer in 3 years.
“It has been proven that there is 1–2% of diabetic patients who will develop pancreatic cancer in 3 years (118).”
From Diabetes and Sarcopenic Obesity: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatments (2020) · cites this paper as [118]

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Retracted
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Authors: Magruder, J. T., Elahi, D., & Andersen, D. K.
Affiliations: Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author: Magruder, J. Trent
Elahi, Dariush
Andersen, Dana K.
ORCID: Magruder, J. Trent
Andersen, Dana K.
Venue: Pancreas
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2011-04
Volume: 40
Issue: 3
Pages: 339-351
ISSN: 0885-3177 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0b013e318209e05d
OpenAlex: W2314910395
Cited by: 140
References: 113
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 1.59
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Pancreas (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
Keywords: pancreatic cancer, diabetes mellitus, type 3 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes, cancer risk, recent-onset diabetes, metformin, obesity, morbid obesity, diabetes treatment, pancreatic cancer incidence
MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Glucose, Humans, Male, Metformin, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Tumor, United States, Causality, Case-Control Studies, Diabetes Complications, Islet Amyloid Polypeptide

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Diabetes and Pancreatic Cancer: Chicken or Egg?

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