Social withdrawal as a trans-diagnostic predictor of short-term remission: a meta-analysis of five clinical cohorts
Open accessAbstract
Social withdrawal is an early manifestation of several neuropsychiatric disorders, and it is characterised by a gradual disengagement from social interactions, potentially leading to complete isolation. This study investigated the association between social withdrawal at baseline and short-term symptom remission in five independent cohorts, including patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia. Measures of social withdrawal were derived in each study, and clinical remission was estimated based on the psychopathological severity assessed after short-term psychopharmacological treatment (12 weeks). Logistic regression was performed in each sample, adjusting for age and baseline psychopathological severity residualised for social withdrawal. Results were then meta-analysed across samples within a random-effect framework. A total of 4461 patients were included in the analyses (3195 patients with MDD, 655 with bipolar spectrum disorders and 611 with schizophrenia). The meta-analysis showed that higher baseline levels of social withdrawal were associated with a decreased likelihood of short-term remission (OR adj = 0.67, 95% CI, 0.58–0.79, P = 5.28 × 10−7), with the strongest effect in patients with schizophrenia. Overall, our study highlighted the need to address social withdrawal in the early phases of the disease to promote symptom remission in patients with major psychiatric disorders. Understanding the neurobiology underlying social withdrawal may aid the development of medications that can specifically reverse social impairment, thereby fostering clinical remission.
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Social withdrawal is an early manifestation in various neuropsychiatric disorders and has a trans-diagnostic association with a decreased likelihood of short-term symptom remission.
“Given the significant impact of social withdrawal as an early manifestation in various neuropsychiatric disorders, and its trans-diagnostic association with a decreased likelihood of short-term symptom remission, 104”
From The revival of psilocybin between scientific excitement, evidence of efficacy, and real-world challenges (2024) · cites this paper as [104]
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“…of social withdrawal as an early manifestation in various neuropsychiatric disorders, and its trans-diagnostic association with a decreased likelihood of short-term symptom remission, 104 the use of psilocybin to engage directly with social impairments presents a compelling therapeutic avenue.”
Self-citation
- Authors
- Oliva, V., Fanelli, G., Kasper, S., Zohar, J., Souery, D., Montgomery, S., Albani, D., Forloni, G., Ferentinos, P., Rujescu, D., Mendlewicz, J., Kas, M. J., De Ronchi, D., Fabbri, C., & Serretti, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Bologna (IT)
- Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
- Medical University of Vienna (AT)
- Tel Aviv University (IL)
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (BE)
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research (IT)
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- University of Groningen (NL)
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Serretti, Alessandro
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Clinical Psychopharmacology
- Published
- 2021-12-13
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 38-45
- ISSN
- 0268-1315 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4220673970
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 0.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Clinical Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Institutional Research Information System (University of Udine) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (115916)
- European Commission (HORIZON2020, 115916)
- Fondazione Umberto Veronesi
- Innovative Medicines Initiative (115916)
- H. Lundbeck A/S
- National Institutes of Health (NCT00021528, N01MH90003)
- National Institute of Mental Health (N01 MH90001, N01‐MH‐90003, NCT00021528, N01MH-8001, N01MH900001)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (N01MH80011)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Keywords
- social withdrawal, symptom remission, major depressive disorder, bipolar spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, psychopharmacological treatment, social dysfunction, early intervention
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