Loneliness: clinical import and interventions
Open accessAbstract
In 1978, when the Task Panel report to the US President's Commission on Mental Health emphasized the importance of improving health care and easing the pain of those suffering from emotional distress syndromes including loneliness, few anticipated that this issue would still need to be addressed 40 years later. A meta-analysis (Masi et al., 2011) on the efficacy of treatments to reduce loneliness identified a need for well-controlled randomized clinical trials focusing on the rehabilitation of maladaptive social cognition. We review assessments of loneliness and build on this meta-analysis to discuss the efficacy of various treatments for loneliness. With the advances made over the past 5 years in the identification of the psychobiological and pharmaceutical mechanisms associated with loneliness and maladaptive social cognition, there is increasing evidence for the potential efficacy of integrated interventions that combine (social) cognitive behavioral therapy with short-term adjunctive pharmacological treatments.
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Distress disorders involve negative self-referentiality including worry, rumination, self-criticism, and loneliness.
“negative self-referentiality including worry, rumination [15, 16], self-criticism [17] and loneliness (i.e., perceived social isolation) [18, 19]”
From All together now: utilizing common functional change principles to unify cognitive behavioral and mindfulness-based therapies (2019) · cites this paper as [18]
Social connection buffers mental well-being.
“Understanding the nature of this need is central to appreciating how social connection buffers mental well-being (3).”
From A transdiagnostic perspective on social anhedonia (2019) · cites this paper as [3]
An emerging body of work demonstrates detrimental effects of loneliness and social disconnection on physical and mental health.
“It is becoming particularly important to understand this given the emerging body of work demonstrating the detrimental effects of loneliness and social disconnection on physical and mental health (3, 64, 206).”
From A transdiagnostic perspective on social anhedonia (2019) · cites this paper as [3]
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- Authors
- Cacioppo, S., Grippo, A. J., London, S., Goossens, L., & Cacioppo, J. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Northern Illinois University (US)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Venue
- Perspectives on Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 238-249
- ISSN
- 1745-6916 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-6924
- PMC
- PMC4391342
- OpenAlex
- W2137123520
- Cited by
- 1,206
- References
- 109
- Citations by year
- 2026: 111 · 2025: 150 · 2024: 148 · 2023: 148 · 2022: 157 · 2021: 167 · 2020: 100 · 2019: 84 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 41 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 14
- FWCI
- 57.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Perspectives on Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R37AG033590)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Keywords
- loneliness, cognitive behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy, psychobiological mechanisms, emotional distress, social isolation, treatment efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Loneliness, Psychotropic Drugs, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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