Global water cycle and the coevolution of the Earth’s interior and surface environment
Open accessAbstract
The bulk Earth composition contains probably less than 0.3% of water, but this trace amount of water can affect the long-term evolution of the Earth in a number of different ways. The foremost issue is the occurrence of plate tectonics, which governs almost all aspects of the Earth system, and the presence of water could either promote or hinder the operation of plate tectonics, depending on where water resides. The global water cycle, which circulates surface water into the deep mantle and back to the surface again, could thus have played a critical role in the Earth’s history. In this contribution, we first review the present-day water cycle and discuss its uncertainty as well as its secular variation. If the continental freeboard has been roughly constant since the Early Proterozoic, model results suggest long-term net water influx from the surface to the mantle, which is estimated to be 3−4.5×10 14 g yr −1 on the billion years time scale. We survey geological and geochemical observations relevant to the emergence of continents above the sea level as well as the nature of Precambrian plate tectonics. The global water cycle is suggested to have been dominated by regassing, and its implications for geochemical cycles and atmospheric evolution are also discussed. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The origin, history and role of water in the evolution of the inner Solar System’.
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The early ocean was likely saline and possibly twice as saline as at present unless the ocean were twice its present volume.
“Thus, the early ocean was likely saline and possibly twice as saline as at present unless the ocean were to have been twice its present volume (cf.de Ronde et al. 1997;Korenaga et al. 2017).”
From The Emergence of Life (2019) · cites this paper as Korenaga et al. 2017
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“The combination of abundant surface water and a dry mantle, as implied by our freeboard modelling, is an ideal condition for the operation of plate tectonics in a hotter Earth [57]; the former would guarantee the weakening of otherwise stiff oceanic lithosphere [161], and the latter could maintain sufficient convectiv…”
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“…of the present-day global net water flux into the deep mantle is still under debate, especially in terms of uncertainties associated with the contribution of (nonmagmatic) updip transport of water (e.g., Bebout, 1996) and the hydration (serpentinization) of oceanic mantle (e.g., Korenaga, 2017).”
BackgroundEvolution of the structure and impact of Earth’s biosphere
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Self-citationNutrient Supply to Planetary Biospheres From Anoxic Weathering of Mafic Oceanic Crust
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Self-citationThe uranium isotopic record of shales and carbonates through geologic time
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A long section of serpentinized depleted mantle peridotite
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- Authors
- Korenaga, J., Planavsky, N. J., & Evans, D. A. D.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Venue
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2017-04-17
- Volume
- 375
- Issue
- 2094
- Pages
- 20150393
- ISSN
- 1364-503X (ISSN-L)
- 1471-2962
- PMC
- PMC5394256
- OpenAlex
- W2605843079
- Cited by
- 206
- References
- 171
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 11.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NNA15BB03A)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Keywords
- global water cycle, Earth's interior, plate tectonics, mantle water, continental crust formation, atmospheric evolution, geochemical cycles, secular variation, Earth system evolution
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