PreprintCited by 372SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchCOVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesSARS-CoV-2 detection and testing

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Genomic characterization of a novel SARS-CoV-2 lineage from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Voloch, Carolina M, Silva F, Ronaldo da, de Almeida, Luiz G P, Cardoso, Cynthia C, Brustolini, Otavio J., Gerber, Alexandra L, Guimarães, Ana Paula de C, Mariani, Diana, Costa, Raissa Mirella da, Ferreira, Orlando C., Covid19-UFRJ Workgroup, LNCC-Workgroup, Cavalcanti, Adriana Cony, Frauches, Thiago Silva, de Mello, Claudia Maria Braga, Galliez, Rafael Mello, Faffe, Débora Souza, Castiñeiras, Terezinha M P P, Tanuri, Amilcar, de Vasconcelos, Ana Tereza R·2020·Journal of Virology

DOI 10.1101/2020.12.23.20248598PMC PMC8139668

Preprint — published as 10.1128/jvi.00119-21 · Paper page

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Abstract

In this study, we report the sequencing of 180 new viral genomes obtained from different municipalities of the state of Rio de Janeiro from April to December 2020. We identified a novel lineage of SARS-CoV-2, originated from B.1.1.28, distinguished by five single-nucleotide variants (SNVs): C100U, C28253U, G28628U, G28975U, and C29754U. The SNV G23012A (E484K), in the receptor-binding domain of Spike protein, was widely spread across the samples. This mutation was previously associated with escape from neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. This novel lineage emerged in late July being first detected by us in late October and still mainly restricted to the capital of the state. However, as observed for other strains it can be rapidly spread in the state. The significant increase in the frequency of this lineage raises concerns about public health management and continuous need for genomic surveillance during the second wave of infections. Article Summary Line: We identified a novel circulating lineage of SARS-CoV-2 in the state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil originated from B.1.1.28 lineage.

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FIG 1 Phylogeny and timescale of P.2 lineage. (A) Maximum-likelihood tree of 1,377 SARS-CoV-2 genomes, including the 180 new Brazilian genomes generated in this work. We randomly sampled one genome/week/country from available samples in GISAID with collection dates ranging from May to November. Brazilian sequences with collection dates from May to November were all added to the data set (see Table S2). We ran IQTree 2.0.3 (10) under a general time-reversible (GTR) model of nucleotide substitution (11) with empirical base frequencies and invariant sites. Tips are colored according to their origin. Genomes generated from this work are red, other Brazilian genomes are blue, and genomes from other countries are not colored. Gray areas represent the three clades where Brazilian viruses are concentrated. The emergent lineage identified in this work, P.2, is in a dark-gray box and highlighted with red branches. The approximate likelihood ratio test (aLRT) support value for the branch holding P.2 monophyly is shown. (B) A time-scaled tree of clade II was estimated under a strict molecular clock in BEAST v.1.10.4 (12) using the GTR+I (11) nucleotide substitution model and assuming an exponential growth tree prior and a normal prior for the clock rate (mean = 8 × 10−4 and standard deviation = 0.1 × 10−5). The convergence of the Markov chain Monte Carlo chains, which were run at least for 50 million generations and sampled every 1,000th step, was inspected using Tracer v.1.7.1 (13). Maximum clade credibility (MCC) summary trees were generated using TreeAnnotator v.1.10.4 (12). Red circles in the tip nodes represent genomes generated in this work, and blue circles indicate other Brazilian samples. P.2 is identified by the red branches and highlighted in a gray box. The posterior probability of the branch holding P.2 monophyly is shown.CC BY · PubMed Central

FIG 2 Phylogeny of B.1.1.28 and its alias lineages (P.1 and P.2). Maximum-likelihood tree of 993 SARS-CoV-2 genomes. We downloaded all B.1.1.28, P.1, and P.2 high-coverage genomes available in GISAID on 11 February 2021. The phylogeny was estimated using IQTree 2.0.3 (10) under a GTR+F+R3 model chosen by ModelFinder. Brazilian genomes are not tip colored. Viruses from other countries are colored according to their geographical origin (dark blue, South America; light blue, North America; dark green, Europe; light green, Africa; brown, Asia; and orange, Oceania). Gray areas highlight P.1 and P.2 lineages. The aLRT support value for the branch holding P.1 and P.2 monophyly is shown. The tree is rooted with 3 B.1.1 genomes. The chart shows the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that characterize P.1 and P.2 lineages.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Emergence of the novel SARS-CoV-2 lineage VUI-NP13L and massive spread of P.2 in South Brazil
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Tonsils are major sites of persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in children
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Dispersion patterns of SARS-CoV-2 variants Gamma, Lambda and Mu in Latin America and the Caribbean
Gräf, T., Martínez, A. A., Bello, G., Dellicour, S., Lemey, P., Colizza, V., Mazzoli, M., Poletto, C., Cardoso, V. L. O., da Silva, A. F., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-46143-9 · Cited by 16
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Prediction of SARS-CoV-2 Variant Lineages Using the S1-Encoding Region Sequence Obtained by PacBio Single-Molecule Real-Time Sequencing
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Full-Length Recombinant hSP-D Binds and Inhibits SARS-CoV-2
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The End or a New Era of Development of SARS-CoV-2 Virus: Genetic Variants Responsible for Severe COVID-19 and Clinical Efficacy of the Most Commonly Used Vaccines in Clinical Practice
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Dissecting Naturally Arising Amino Acid Substitutions at Position L452 of SARS-CoV-2 Spike
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Background
Whole‐genome sequencing of SARS‐CoV‐2: Comparison of target capture and amplicon single molecule real‐time sequencing protocols
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“The Gamma variant was designated as an VOC and spread to many countries affecting millions of people.(26-29) The three mutations in the Gamma variant RBD are in the protein structural regions that interact with ACE2 and also with major neutralizing antibodies.”
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A revisit to the past plague epidemic (India) versus the present COVID-19 pandemic: fractional-order chaotic models and fuzzy logic control
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Special Features of COVID-19 in the FMODB: Fragment Molecular Orbital Calculations and Interaction Energy Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-Related Proteins
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Evolutionary Traits and Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in South America
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“E484K has a high effect on the interaction with mAs and human sera, reducing neutralization capacity (Greaney et al., 2021; Uriu et al., 2021; Voloch et al., 2021; Weisblum et al., 2020).”
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The need for a multi-level drug targeting strategy to curb the COVID-19 pandemic
Kontoghiorghes, G. J., Fetta, S., & Kontoghiorghe, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark · doi:10.52586/5064 · Cited by 14
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Influential
SARS-Cov-2 Replication in a Blood–Brain Barrier Model Established with Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells Induces Permeability and Disables ACE2-Dependent Regulation of Bradykinin B1 Receptor
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Evolution of Sequence and Structure of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein: A Dynamic Perspective
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Authors: Voloch, C. M., Silva F, R. D., de Almeida, L. G. P., Cardoso, C. C., Brustolini, O. J., Gerber, A. L., Guimarães, A. P. D. C., Mariani, D., Costa, R. M. D., Ferreira, O. C., Workgroup, C.-U., LNCC-Workgroup, Cavalcanti, A. C., Frauches, T. S., de Mello, C. M. B., Galliez, R. M., Faffe, D. S., Castiñeiras, T. M. P. P., Tanuri, A., & de Vasconcelos, A. T. R.
Affiliations: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (BR)
Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica (BR)
Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro (BR)
ORCID: Voloch, Carolina M
Silva F, Ronaldo da
de Almeida, Luiz G P
Cardoso, Cynthia C
Brustolini, Otavio J.
Gerber, Alexandra L
Guimarães, Ana Paula de C
Mariani, Diana
Ferreira, Orlando C.
Galliez, Rafael Mello
Faffe, Débora Souza
Castiñeiras, Terezinha M P P
Tanuri, Amilcar
de Vasconcelos, Ana Tereza R
Venue: Journal of Virology
Publisher: openRxiv
Published: 2020-12-26
Volume: 95
Issue: 10
ISSN: 0022-538X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1101/2020.12.23.20248598
PMC: PMC8139668
OpenAlex: W3135409471
Cited by: 372
References: 31
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 93 · 2021: 206
FWCI: 28.43
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Journal of Virology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
medRxiv (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (01.20.0029.000462/20, 303170/2017-4, 404096/2020-4)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (= 404,096/2020–4, # 303170/2017-4)
Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (E-26/202.791/2019, E-26/010.002278/2019, E-26/, E‐26/210.178/2020, E-26/210, =E-26/210.179/2020, E-26/202.903/20, E-26/010.002434/2019)
Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (01.20.0029.000462/20)
Instituto Serrapilheira
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, novel viral lineages, genomic profiling, phylogenetic analysis, genetic divergence, Rio de Janeiro, COVID-19 pandemic

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Genomic characterization of a novel SARS-CoV-2 lineage from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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