The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 18 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture
Open accessAbstract
It is commonly thought that human genetic diversity in non-African populations was shaped primarily by an out-of-Africa dispersal 50–100 thousand yr ago (kya). Here, we present a study of 456 geographically diverse high-coverage Y chromosome sequences, including 299 newly reported samples. Applying ancient DNA calibration, we date the Y-chromosomal most recent common ancestor (MRCA) in Africa at 254 (95% CI 192–307) kya and detect a cluster of major non-African founder haplogroups in a narrow time interval at 47–52 kya, consistent with a rapid initial colonization model of Eurasia and Oceania after the out-of-Africa bottleneck. In contrast to demographic reconstructions based on mtDNA, we infer a second strong bottleneck in Y-chromosome lineages dating to the last 10 ky. We hypothesize that this bottleneck is caused by cultural changes affecting variance of reproductive success among males.
Overview
CoChat Summary
Written by AI from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This study analyzes 456 high-coverage Y chromosome sequences, including 299 newly reported samples, to reconstruct global Y chromosome diversity and demography. It dates the Y-chromosomal MRCA in Africa at 254 kya, finds a narrow non-African founder haplogroup cluster at 47–52 kya, and infers a second strong Y-chromosome bottleneck in the last 10 ky that may reflect culturally driven changes in male reproductive success.
Key findings
- From 456 geographically diverse high-coverage Y chromosome sequences, the authors retained 8.8 Mb per individual and 35,700 SNPs with >95% call rate; they estimated the Y binary SNP mutation rate at 0.74 × 10−9 per bp per yr (95% CI 0.63–0.95 × 10−9).
- The Y-chromosomal MRCA in Africa was dated to 254 kya (95% CI 192–307 kya); African and non-African lineages separated at 68–72 kya (95% CI 52–87 kya), followed by a narrow interval at 47–52 kya (95% CI 36–62 kya) when major non-African founder haplogroups differentiated.
- Bayesian skyline plots of 320 Y chromosomes and mtDNA from the same individuals both showed increases in effective population size at ∼40–60 kya, but mtDNA Ne estimates were consistently more than twice as high as Y chromosome estimates; the Y plot suggested a reduction around 8–4 kya, when female Ne was up to 17-fold higher than male Ne.
- Many Eurasian Y haplogroups coalesced within the last 15 ky, with novel region-specific clades coalescing within the last 4–8 ky; regional pairwise divergence times also clustered around peopling of the Americas at ∼15 kya.
Methods
- The study combined 299 new unrelated male samples from 110 populations with publicly available data for 456 total sequences; two Mbo individuals of haplogroup A00 were sequenced to root the phylogeny, and quality checks included Estonian first-degree relatives, Dutch father-son pairs, and duplicate samples.
- Whole-genome sequencing used Complete Genomics at >40× coverage for blood and >80× for saliva, with Illumina HiSeq 2000 at 30× aimed coverage for the A00 samples; after filtering, analyses used 8.8 Mb of reliable Chr Y sequence and 35,700 high-quality biallelic SNPs.
- Coalescent times and phylogenies were estimated with BEAST v1.8.0, summary statistics with Arlequin v3.5.1.3, and demographic scenarios with FastSimCoal2 simulations; the mutation rate was calibrated using ancient DNA from the 12.6-ky-old Anzick (Q1b) and 4-ky-old Saqqaq (Q2b) specimens.
Limitations
- The paper states that the mutation rate estimate is based on only two ancient DNA samples from a relatively recent time horizon and the same Y chromosome haplogroup, though it notes an independent estimate of 0.76 × 10−9 per bp per yr from a different, older ancient DNA specimen.
- The authors note that cross-species mapping showed 4.6% discordance at positions separating A2′5 and BT, higher than the 1%–2% predicted from human-chimpanzee divergence, likely reflecting mapping uncertainties.
- The paper states that because the Y chromosome is essentially a single locus with very low Ne, the results cannot refute alternative models of earlier Middle Pleistocene dispersals (100–130 kya) from Africa; such evidence could be embedded only in the autosomal genome.
- The authors state that population structure combined with unbalanced sampling can lead Bayesian skyline plots to infer false population declines, and that most existing methods are underpowered to detect Ne changes within the past few thousand years from recombining genome-wide data.
- The cultural explanation for the male-specific bottleneck is presented as a hypothesis; the paper notes that the inferred mid-Holocene Ne dips may also represent a genuine population collapse following the introduction of farming.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
15 Own result · 9 Own interpretation · 4 No full text of the sources · 3 Sources not found · 3 Check pending · 3 Not checked yet · 3 Own method
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Within the Y chromosome haplogroups common in Eurasian populations, we noticed that many coalesce within the last 15 ky”
§ A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The cumulative global BSP of 320 Y chromosomes with known geographic affiliation and the plot inferred from mtDNA sequences from the same individuals both showed increases in the Ne at ∼40–60 kya”
§ A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture > Results
plainstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We show that only the F1329 SNP (Supplemental Fig. S13) first separates the deep F and GT branches”
§ A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture > Results
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“corroborate the succeeding swift split of G from HT by the single M578 SNP (Poznik et al. 2013).”
§ A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture > Results
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Poznik et al. 2013 source
plainstates an association- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the separation of African and non-African lineages at 68–72 (95% CI 52–87) kya”
§ A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 10
- Probably not a substantial claim. 4
Create a free account to see these claims.
Create a free account to see these assumptions.
23 more claims
Create a free account to see all 40 claims and to verify the 6 references still open.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The age of haplogroup CT-M168 (71,760 years, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 69,777-73,799) [18] and the splitting time (470 ± 20 years ago) of samples (YCH508 and YCH1981) from the Aisin Gioro family [17] were used as calibration points to estimate the coalescent times of all samples in the study.”
From Whole-sequence analysis indicates that the Y chromosome C2*-Star Cluster traces back to ordinary Mongols, rather than Genghis Khan (2018) · cites this paper as [18]
In the citing paper
“In contrast, all previously studied Kazakh samples belonged to another branch of R1a, namely R1a1a-Z94 (subclade Z2125) [16, 19].”
From The medieval Mongolian roots of Y-chromosomal lineages from South Kazakhstan (2020) · cites this paper as [16]
In the citing paper
“It is believed to have originated around 150,000 years ago (Karmin et al., 2015).”
From Y chromosome evidence confirms northeast Asian origin of Xinjiang Kazakhs and genetic influence from 18th century expansion of Kerey clan (2023) · cites this paper as Karmin et al., 2015
In the citing paper
“The α-cluster TMRCA based on SNPs (four Y chromosomes sequenced) turned out to be ~ 750 years (TMRCA CI 95% 1050–400 ybp) (subclade Y12782, a sample from the Dulat clan [16], www.yfull.com), which is very close to STR dating (746 CI 95% 1104–388 years).”
From The medieval Mongolian roots of Y-chromosomal lineages from South Kazakhstan (2020) · cites this paper as [16]
In the citing paper
“previously characterized C3c1a-Z40439, which is common among Tungusic-speaking Evens and Evenks, Mongolic-speaking Buryats and Mongols [31]”
From Y-chromosomal analysis of clan structure of Kalmyks, the only European Mongol people, and their relationship to Oirat-Mongols of Inner Asia (2019) · cites this paper as [31]
20 more claims about this paper
Create a free account to see every claim other papers make about this one.
Citations
Cites
R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing
R Core Team (2000) · doi:10.32614/r.manuals · Cited by 355,987
The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools
Li, H., Handsaker, B., Wysoker, A., Fennell, T., Ruan, J., Homer, N., Marth, G., Abecasis, G., Durbin, R., & 1000 Genome Project Data Processing Subgroup (2009) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp352 · Cited by 62,041
Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows-Wheeler transform
Li, H., & Durbin, R. (2009) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp324 · Cited by 58,607
jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing
Darriba, D., Taboada, G. L., Doallo, R., & Posada, D. (2012) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.2109 · Cited by 17,034
Excoffier, L., & Lischer, H. E. L. (2010) · Molecular Ecology Resources · doi:10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02847.x · Cited by 16,266
ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis
Wickham, H. (2009) · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-98141-3 · Cited by 14,447
Bayesian Phylogenetics with BEAUti and the BEAST 1.7
Drummond, A. J., Suchard, M. A., Xie, D., & Rambaut, A. (2012) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/mss075 · Cited by 10,167
Initial sequence of the chimpanzee genome and comparison with the human genome
The Chimpanzee Sequencing and Analysis Consortium (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04072 · Cited by 2,459
Human Genome Sequencing Using Unchained Base Reads on Self-Assembling DNA Nanoarrays
Drmanac, R., Sparks, A. B., Callow, M. J., Halpern, A. L., Burns, N. L., Kermani, B. G., Carnevali, P., Nazarenko, I., Nilsen, G. B., Yeung, G., et al. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1181498 · Cited by 1,212
Inferring human population size and separation history from multiple genome sequences
Schiffels, S., & Durbin, R. (2014) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.3015 · Cited by 1,073
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Fuller D . 2003. An agricultural perspective on Dravidian historical linguistics: archaeological crop packages, livestock and Dravidian crop vocabulary. In Examining the farming/language dispersal hypothesis (ed. Bellwood P , Renfrew C ), pp. 191–213. The McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge, UK.
Cited by
Ancient DNA and the rewriting of human history: be sparing with Occam’s razor
Haber, M., Mezzavilla, M., Xue, Y., & Tyler-Smith, C. (2016) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-015-0866-z · Cited by 1,924
Self-citationGenomic evidence for the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans
Raghavan, M., Steinrücken, M., Harris, K., Schiffels, S., Rasmussen, S., DeGiorgio, M., Albrechtsen, A., Valdiosera, C., Ávila-Arcos, M. C., Malaspinas, A.-S., et al. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aab3884 · Cited by 540
Self-citationSouthern African ancient genomes estimate modern human divergence to 350,000 to 260,000 years ago
Schlebusch, C. M., Malmström, H., Günther, T., Sjödin, P., Coutinho, A., Edlund, H., Munters, A. R., Vicente, M., Steyn, M., Soodyall, H., et al. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aao6266 · Cited by 519
Self-citationOrigins of modern human ancestry
Bergström, A., Stringer, C. B., Hajdinjak, M., Scerri, E. M. L., & Skoglund, P. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03244-5 · Cited by 445
The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia
de Barros Damgaard, P., Martiniano, R., Kamm, J., Moreno-Mayar, J. V., Kroonen, G., Peyrot, M., Barjamovic, G., Rasmussen, S., Zacho, C., Baimukhanov, N., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aar7711 · Cited by 370
Self-citationPunctuated bursts in human male demography inferred from 1,244 worldwide Y-chromosome sequences
The 1000 Genomes Project Consortium, Poznik, G. D., Xue, Y., Mendez, F. L., Willems, T. F., Massaia, A., Wilson Sayres, M. A., Ayub, Q., McCarthy, S. A., Narechania, A., et al. (2016) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.3559 · Cited by 331
Self-citationvon Rueden, C. R., & Jaeggi, A. V. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1606800113 · Cited by 226
Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers
Posth, C., He, Y. H., Ghalichi, A., Rougier, H., Crèvecoeur, I., Huang, Y., Ringbauer, H., Rohrlach, A. B., Nägele, K., Villalba‐Mouco, V., et al. (2023) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0 · Cited by 292
Self-citationReconstructing the genetic history of late Neanderthals
Hajdinjak, M., Fu, Q., Hübner, A., Petr, M., Mafessoni, F., Grote, S., Skoglund, P., Narasimham, V., Rougier, H., Crèvecoeur, I., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature26151 · Cited by 269
Human Y-chromosome variation in the genome-sequencing era
Jobling, M. A., & Tyler‐Smith, C. (2017) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg.2017.36 · Cited by 247
Self-citationAncient Genomics of Modern Humans: The First Decade
Skoglund, P., & Mathieson, I. (2018) · Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev-genom-083117-021749 · Cited by 246
Ancient Fennoscandian genomes reveal origin and spread of Siberian ancestry in Europe
Lamnidis, T. C., Majander, K., Jeong, C., Salmela, E., Wessman, A., Moiseyev, V. G., Khartanovich, V. I., Balanovsky, O. P., Ongyerth, M., Weihmann, A., et al. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07483-5 · Cited by 219
Self-citationThe evolutionary history of Neanderthal and Denisovan Y chromosomes
Petr, M., Hajdinjak, M., Fu, Q., Essel, E., Rougier, H., Crèvecoeur, I., Semal, P., Golovanova, L. V., Doronichev, V. B., Lalueza‐Fox, C., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb6460 · Cited by 204
Ilumäe, A.-M., Reidla, M., Chukhryaeva, M., Järve, M., Post, H., Karmin, M., Saag, L., Agdzhoyan, A., Kushniarevich, A., Litvinov, S., et al. (2016) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.05.025 · Cited by 134
Self-citationMultiple episodes of interbreeding between Neanderthal and modern humans
Villanea, F. A., & Schraiber, J. G. (2018) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-018-0735-8 · Cited by 192
Kushniarevich, A., Utevska, O., Chukhryaeva, M., Agdzhoyan, A., Dibirova, K., Uktverytė, I., Möls, M., Mulahasanovic, L., Pshenichnov, A., Frolova, S. A., et al. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0135820 · Cited by 192
Self-citationExtensive Farming in Estonia Started through a Sex-Biased Migration from the Steppe
Saag, L., Varul, L., Scheib, C. L., Stenderup, J. T., Allentoft, M. E., Saag, L., Pagani, L., Reidla, M., Tambets, K., Metspalu, E., et al. (2017) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.06.022 · Cited by 188
Self-citationAncient West African foragers in the context of African population history
Lipson, M., Ribot, I., Mallick, S., Rohland, N., Olalde, Í., Adamski, N., Broomandkhoshbacht, N., Lawson, A. M., López, S., Oppenheimer, J., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-1929-1 · Cited by 185
Self-citationGenetic insights into the social organization of Neanderthals
Skov, L., Peyrégne, S., Popli, D., Iasi, L. N. M., Devièse, T., Slon, V., Zavala, E. I., Hajdinjak, M., Sümer, A. P., Grote, S., et al. (2022) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05283-y · Cited by 106
Dynamic changes in genomic and social structures in third millennium BCE central Europe
Papac, L., Ernée, M., Dobeš, M., Langová, M., Rohrlach, A. B., Aron, F., Neumann, G. U., Spyrou, M. A., Rohland, N., Velemínský, P., et al. (2021) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abi6941 · Cited by 173
The evolutionary anthropology of political leadership
Garfield, Z. H., Rueden, C. R. V., & Hagen, E. H. (2018) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.09.001 · Cited by 172
The Arrival of Siberian Ancestry Connecting the Eastern Baltic to Uralic Speakers further East
Saag, L., Laneman, M., Varul, L., Malve, M., Valk, H., Razzak, M. A., Shirobokov, I. G., Khartanovich, V. I., Mikhaylova, E. R., Kushniarevich, A., et al. (2019) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.04.026 · Cited by 165
Self-citationBao, L., Tian, C., Liu, S., Zhang, Y., Elaswad, A., Yuan, Z., Khalil, K. M., Sun, F., Yang, Y., Zhou, T., et al. (2019) · BMC Biology · doi:10.1186/s12915-019-0627-7 · Cited by 164
Genes reveal traces of common recent demographic history for most of the Uralic-speaking populations
Tambets, K., Yunusbayev, B., Hudjashov, G., IlumäE, A.-M., Rootsi, S., Honkola, T., Vesakoski, O., Atkinson, Q. D., Skoglund, P., Kushniarevich, A., et al. (2018) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-018-1522-1 · Cited by 161
Self-citationMegalithic tombs in western and northern Neolithic Europe were linked to a kindred society
Sánchez-Quinto, F., Malmström, H., Fraser, M., Girdland-Flink, L., Svensson, E. M., Simões, L. G., George, R., Hollfelder, N., Burenhult, G., Noble, G., et al. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1818037116 · Cited by 138
A working model of the deep relationships of diverse modern human genetic lineages outside of Africa
Lipson, M., & Reich, D. (2016) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msw293 · Cited by 146
Genetic ancestry changes in Stone to Bronze Age transition in the East European plain
Saag, L., Vasilyev, S. V., Varul, L., Kosorukova, N. V., Gerasimov, D. V., Oshibkina, S. V., Griffith, S. J., Solnik, A., Saag, L., D’Atanasio, E., et al. (2021) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abd6535 · Cited by 139
Self-citationAncient X chromosomes reveal contrasting sex bias in Neolithic and Bronze Age Eurasian migrations
Goldberg, A., Günther, T., Rosenberg, N. A., & Jakobsson, M. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1616392114 · Cited by 136
Pinotti, T., Bergström, A., Geppert, M., Bawn, M., Ohasi, D., Shi, W., Lacerda, D. R., Solli, A., Norstedt, J., Reed, K., et al. (2018) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.11.029 · Cited by 136
Self-citationAssembly of 43 human Y chromosomes reveals extensive complexity and variation
Hallast, P., Ebert, P., Loftus, M. G., Yilmaz, F., Audano, P. A., Logsdon, G. A., Bonder, M. J., Zhou, W., Höps, W., Kim, K., et al. (2023) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06425-6 · Cited by 132
Self-citationY and W Chromosome Assemblies: Approaches and Discoveries
Tomaszkiewicz, M., Medvedev, P., & Makova, K. D. (2017) · Trends in Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.tig.2017.01.008 · Cited by 126
Ancient human parallel lineages within North America contributed to a coastal expansion
Scheib, C. L., Li, H., Desai, T., Link, V., Kendall, C., Dewar, G., Griffith, P. W., Mörseburg, A., Johnson, J. R., Potter, A., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aar6851 · Cited by 125
Self-citationZeng, T. C., Aw, A. J., & Feldman, M. W. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04375-6 · Cited by 121
The Divergence of Neandertal and Modern Human Y Chromosomes
Mendez, F. L., Poznik, G. D., Castellano, S., & Bustamante, C. D. (2016) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.02.023 · Cited by 118
Self-citationGenetic Diversity on the Sex Chromosomes
Sayres, M. A. W. (2018) · Genome Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/gbe/evy039 · Cited by 109
Self-citationCampisano, C. J., Owen, R. B., Pelletier, J. D., Potts, R., Reed, K. E., Renaut, R. W., Russell, J. M., Russell, J. L., Schäbitz, F., Stone, J. R., et al. (2017) · PaleoAnthropology · doi:10.1130/abs/2017am-295426 · Cited by 102
Tomaszkiewicz, M., Rangavittal, S., Čechová, M., Campos-Sánchez, R., Fescemyer, H. W., Harris, R., Ye, D., O’Brien, P. C. M., Chikhi, R., Ryder, O. A., et al. (2016) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.199448.115 · Cited by 101
Evolutionary history and adaptation of a human pygmy population of Flores Island, Indonesia
Tucci, S., Vohr, S. H., McCoy, R. C., Vernot, B., Robinson, M. R., Barbieri, C., Nelson, B. J., Fu, W., Purnomo, G. A., Sudoyo, H., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aar8486 · Cited by 97
Järve, M., Saag, L., Scheib, C. L., Pathak, A. K., Montinaro, F., Pagani, L., Flores, R., Guellil, M., Saag, L., Tambets, K., et al. (2019) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.019 · Cited by 97
Self-citationThe study of human Y chromosome variation through ancient DNA
Kivisild, T. (2017) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-017-1773-z · Cited by 73
Self-citationYost, C. L., Jackson, L. J., Stone, J. R., & Cohen, A. S. (2018) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.11.005 · Cited by 92
Placing Ancient DNA Sequences into Reference Phylogenies
Martiniano, R., Sanctis, B. D., Hallast, P., & Durbin, R. M. (2022) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msac017 · Cited by 88
Ancient DNA reveals the prehistory of the Uralic and Yeniseian peoples
Zeng, T. C., Vyazov, L. A., Kim, A. M., Flegontov, P., Sirak, K. A., Maier, R., Lazaridis, I., Akbari, A., Frachetti, M. D., Tishkin, A. A., et al. (2025) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09189-3 · Cited by 87
Self-citationA genetic chronology for the Indian Subcontinent points to heavily sex-biased dispersals
Silva, M. S. D., Oliveira, M., Vieira, D., Brandão, A., Rito, T., Pereira, J. B., Fraser, R. M., Hudson, B., Gandini, F., Edwards, C. J., et al. (2017) · BMC Evolutionary Biology · doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0936-9 · Cited by 87
Refining the Y chromosome phylogeny with southern African sequences
Barbieri, C., Hübner, A., Macholdt, E., Ni, S., Lippold, S., Schröder, R., Mpoloka, S. W., Purps, J., Roewer, L., Stoneking, M., et al. (2016) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-016-1651-0 · Cited by 86
Roewer, L., Andersen, M. M., Ballantyne, J., Butler, J. M., Caliebe, A., Corach, D., D’Amato, M. E., Gusmão, L., Hou, Y., de Knijff, P., et al. (2020) · Forensic Science International Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2020.102308 · Cited by 81
Post, H., Németh, E., Klima, L., Flores, R., Fehér, T., Türk, A., Székely, G., Sahakyan, H., Mondal, M., Montinaro, F., et al. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44272-6 · Cited by 78
Self-citationHudjashov, G., Endicott, P., Post, H., Nagle, N., Ho, S. Y. W., Lawson, D. J., Reidla, M., Karmin, M., Rootsi, S., Metspalu, E., et al. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20026-8 · Cited by 72
Self-citationToward a consensus on SNP and STR mutation rates on the human Y-chromosome
Balanovsky, O. P. (2017) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-017-1805-8 · Cited by 72
Self-citationVallée, F., Luciani, A., & Cox, M. P. (2016) · Genetics · doi:10.1534/genetics.116.191379 · Cited by 71
Self-citationThe Genetic Origin of Daunians and the Pan-Mediterranean Southern Italian Iron Age Context
Aneli, S., Saupe, T., Montinaro, F., Solnik, A., Molinaro, L., Scaggion, C., Carrara, N., Raveane, A., Kivisild, T., Metspalu, M., et al. (2022) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msac014 · Cited by 71
Self-citationIacovacci, G., D’Atanasio, E., Marini, O., Coppa, A., Sellitto, D., Trombetta, B., Berti, A., & Cruciani, F. (2016) · Forensic Science International Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.12.015 · Cited by 69
Haber, M., Jones, A., Connell, B., Asan, Arciero, E., Yang, H., Thomas, M., Xue, Y., & Tyler‐Smith, C. (2019) · Genetics · doi:10.1534/genetics.119.302368 · Cited by 68
Self-citationContrasting Paternal and Maternal Genetic Histories of Thai and Lao Populations
Kutanan, W., Kampuansai, J., Srikummool, M., Brunelli, A., Ghirotto, S., Arias, L., Macholdt, E., Hübner, A., Schröder, R., & Stoneking, M. (2019) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msz083 · Cited by 68
Episodes of Diversification and Isolation in Island Southeast Asian and Near Oceanian Male Lineages
Karmin, M., Flores, R., Saag, L., Hudjashov, G., Brucato, N., Darusallam, C. C., Larena, M., Endicott, P., Jakobsson, M., Lansing, J. S., et al. (2022) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msac045 · Cited by 67
Self-citationSaupe, T., Montinaro, F., Scaggion, C., Carrara, N., Kivisild, T., D’Atanasio, E., Hui, R., Solnik, A., Lebrasseur, O., Larson, G., et al. (2021) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.022 · Cited by 67
Self-citationWang, L.-X., Lü, Y., Zhang, C., Wei, L., Yan, S. L., Huang, Y., Wang, C., Mallick, S., Wen, S., Li, J., et al. (2018) · Molecular Genetics and Genomics · doi:10.1007/s00438-018-1461-2 · Cited by 66
First Peoples in a New World: Populating Ice Age America
Meltzer, D. J. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108632867 · Cited by 64
Balanovska, E. V., Zhabagin, M. K., Agdzhoyan, A. T., Chukhryaeva, M. I., Markina, N. V., Balaganskaya, O. A., Skhalyakho, R. A., Yusupov, Y. M., Utevska, O. M., Bogunov, Y. V., et al. (2016) · Russian Journal of Genetics · doi:10.1134/s1022795416120024 · Cited by 43
Self-citationGrugni, V., Raveane, A., Ongaro, L., Battaglia, V., Trombetta, B., Colombo, G., Capodiferro, M. R., Olivieri, A., Achilli, A., Perego, U. A., et al. (2019) · BMC Biology · doi:10.1186/s12915-018-0622-4 · Cited by 64
Wei, L., Yan, S. L., Teo, Y., Huang, Y., Wang, L.-X., Yu, G., Saw, W., Ong, R. T., Lü, Y., Zhang, C., et al. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0175080 · Cited by 63
Cultural Innovations Influence Patterns of Genetic Diversity in Northwestern Amazonia
Arias, L., Schröder, R., Hübner, A., Barreto, G., Stoneking, M., & Pakendorf, B. (2018) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1101/347336 · Cited by 63
The evolution of the human brain and disease susceptibility
Pattabiraman, K., Muchnik, S. K., & Šestan, N. (2020) · Current Opinion in Genetics & Development · doi:10.1016/j.gde.2020.05.004 · Cited by 61
What is orgasm? A model of sexual trance and climax via rhythmic entrainment
Safron, A. (2016) · Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology · doi:10.3402/snp.v6.31763 · Cited by 60
The evolutionary history of human populations in Europe
Lazaridis, I. (2018) · Current Opinion in Genetics & Development · doi:10.1016/j.gde.2018.06.007 · Cited by 60
Toward high-resolution population genomics using archaeological samples
Морозова, И., Flegontov, P., Mikheyev, A. S., Bruskin, S. A., Asgharian, H., Пономаренко, П. М., Klyuchnikov, V., GaneshPrasad, A., Prokhortchouk, E., Gankin, Y. V., et al. (2016) · DNA Research · doi:10.1093/dnares/dsw029 · Cited by 59
Wei, L.-H., Yan, S., Lu, Y., Wen, S.-Q., Huang, Y.-Z., Wang, L.-X., Li, S.-L., Yang, Y.-J., Wang, X.-F., Zhang, C., et al. (2018) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41431-017-0012-3 · Cited by 57
Y chromosome palindromes and gene conversion
Trombetta, B., & Cruciani, F. (2017) · Human Genetics · doi:10.1007/s00439-017-1777-8 · Cited by 57
The unfolding dark side: Age trends in dark personality features
Klimstra, T. A., Jeronimus, B. F., Sijtsema, J. J., & Denissen, J. J. A. (2020) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2020.103915 · Cited by 57
Present‐Day DNA Contamination in Ancient DNA Datasets
Peyrégne, S., & Prüfer, K. (2020) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.202000081 · Cited by 56
Lassek, W. D., & Gaulin, S. J. C. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.859931 · Cited by 55
Wild Voices: Mimicry, Reversal, Metaphor, and the Emergence of Language
Knight, C., & Lewis, J. (2017) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/692905 · Cited by 55
Long genetic and social isolation in Neanderthals before their extinction
Slimak, L., Vimala, T., Seguin‐Orlando, A., Metz, L., Zanolli, C., Joannes‐Boyau, R., Frouin, M., Arnold, L. J., Demuro, M., Devièse, T., et al. (2024) · Cell Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100593 · Cited by 54
Y-Chromosome Variation in Southern African Khoe-San Populations Based on Whole-Genome Sequences
Naidoo, T., Xu, J., Vicente, M., Malmström, H., Soodyall, H., Jakobsson, M., & Schlebusch, C. M. (2020) · Genome Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/gbe/evaa098 · Cited by 53
Self-citationWang, Q., Zhao, J., Ren, Z., Sun, J., He, G., Guo, J., Zhang, H., Ji, J., Liu, Y., Yang, M., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.618614 · Cited by 53
Laitman, Y., Friebel, T. M., Yannoukakos, D., Fostira, F., Konstantopoulou, I., Figlioli, G., Bonanni, B., Manoukian, S., Zuradelli, M., Tondini, C. A., et al. (2019) · Human Mutation · doi:10.1002/humu.23842 · Cited by 53
Self-citationAn Evolutionary Explanation for the Female Leadership Paradox
Smith, J. E., Rueden, C. R. V., van Vugt, M., Fichtel, C., & Kappeler, P. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.3389/fevo.2021.676805 · Cited by 52
The genetic legacy of continental scale admixture in Indian Austroasiatic speakers
Tätte, K., Pagani, L., Pathak, A. K., Kõks, S., Duy, B. H., Ho, X. D., Sultana, G. N. N., Sharif, M. I., Asaduzzaman, M., Behar, D. M., et al. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-40399-8 · Cited by 51
Self-citationThe Toba supervolcano eruption caused severe tropical stratospheric ozone depletion
Osipov, S., Stenchikov, G. L., Tsigaridis, K., LeGrande, A. N., Bauer, S. E., Fnais, M. S., & Lelieveld, J. (2021) · Communications Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43247-021-00141-7 · Cited by 51
The Impact of Genetics Research on Archaeology and Linguistics in Eurasia
Mallory, J. P., Дыбо, А. В., & Balanovsky, O. P. (2019) · Russian Journal of Genetics · doi:10.1134/s1022795419120081 · Cited by 50
Self-citationEarly Alpine occupation backdates westward human migration in Late Glacial Europe
Bortolini, E., Pagani, L., Oxilia, G., Posth, C., Fontana, F., Badino, F., Saupe, T., Montinaro, F., Margaritora, D., Romandini, M., et al. (2021) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.03.078 · Cited by 47
Self-citationGenetic history of Cambridgeshire before and after the Black Death
Hui, R., Scheib, C. L., D’Atanasio, E., Inskip, S. A., Cessford, C., Biagini, S. A., Wohns, A. W., Ali, M. Q. A., Griffith, S. J., Solnik, A., et al. (2024) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adi5903 · Cited by 46
Self-citationOrigin and diffusion of human Y chromosome haplogroup J1-M267
Sahakyan, H., Margaryan, A., Saag, L., Karmin, M., Flores, R., Haber, M., Kushniarevich, A., Khachatryan, Z., Bahmanimehr, A., Parik, J., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85883-2 · Cited by 45
Self-citationGenomic signatures of sex-biased demography: progress and prospects
Webster, T. H., & Sayres, M. A. W. (2016) · Current Opinion in Genetics & Development · doi:10.1016/j.gde.2016.08.002 · Cited by 44
Self-citationMunda languages are father tongues, but Japanese and Korean are not
Chaubey, G., & van Driem, G. L. (2020) · Evolutionary Human Sciences · doi:10.1017/ehs.2020.14 · Cited by 43
Self-citationD’Atanasio, E., Trombetta, B., Bonito, M., Finocchio, A., Vito, G. D., Seghizzi, M., Romano, R., Russo, G., Paganotti, G. M., Watson, E., et al. (2018) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-018-1393-5 · Cited by 43
Rohrlach, A. B., Papac, L., Childebayeva, A., Rivollat, M., Villalba‐Mouco, V., Neumann, G. U., Penske, S., Skourtanioti, E., van de Loosdrecht, M. S., Akar, M., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-94491-z · Cited by 43
Tätte, K., Metspalu, E., Post, H., Palencia-Madrid, L., Luis, J. R., Reidla, M., Tamm, E., IlumäE, A.-M., de Pancorbo, M. M., Garcia‐Bertrand, R., et al. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-08910-w · Cited by 42
Self-citationSkov, L., & Schierup, M. H. (2017) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1006834 · Cited by 42
East Anglian early Neolithic monument burial linked to contemporary Megaliths
Scheib, C. L., Hui, R., D’Atanasio, E., Wohns, A. W., Inskip, S. A., Rose, A. K., Cessford, C., O’Connell, T. C., Robb, J., Evans, C., et al. (2019) · Annals of Human Biology · doi:10.1080/03014460.2019.1623912 · Cited by 42
Self-citationMaking and unmaking egalitarianism in small-scale human societies
Rueden, C. R. V. (2019) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.07.037 · Cited by 41
Upham, N. S. (2017) · Journal of Mammalogy · doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyx079 · Cited by 40
Teitz, L. S., Pyntikova, T., Skaletsky, H., & Page, D. C. (2018) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.07.007 · Cited by 40
Out of Africa and into Asia: Fossil and genetic evidence on modern human origins and dispersals
Reyes‐Centeno, H. (2016) · Quaternary International · doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.11.063 · Cited by 40
The Connection of the Genetic, Cultural and Geographic Landscapes of Transoxiana
Zhabagin, M., Balanovska, E., Sabitov, Z., Kuznetsova, M., Agdzhoyan, A., Balaganskaya, O., Chukhryaeva, M., Markina, N., Romanov, A., Skhalyakho, R., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-03176-z · Cited by 39
Self-citationNext Generation Sequencing Plus (NGS+) with Y-chromosomal Markers for Forensic Pedigree Searches
Qian, X., Hou, J., Wang, Z., Ye, Y., Lang, M., Gao, T., Liu, J., & Hou, Y. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11955-x · Cited by 39
Chromosome Y genetic variants: impact in animal models and on human disease
Prokop, J. W., & Deschepper, C. F. (2015) · Physiological Genomics · doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00074.2015 · Cited by 39
Brashear, W. A., Raudsepp, T., & Murphy, W. J. (2018) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.237586.118 · Cited by 38
D’Atanasio, E., Iacovacci, G., Pistillo, R., Bonito, M., Dugoujon, J., Moral, P., El-Chennawi, F. A., Melhaoui, M., Baali, A., Cherkaoui, M., et al. (2018) · Forensic Science International Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2018.11.002 · Cited by 37
Hallast, P., Delser, P. M., Batini, C., Zadik, D., Rocchi, M., Schempp, W., Tyler‐Smith, C., & Jobling, M. A. (2016) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.198754.115 · Cited by 37
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Karmin, M., Saag, L., Vicente, M., Sayres, M. A. W., Järve, M., Talas, U. G., Rootsi, S., Ilumäe, A.-M., Mägi, R., Mitt, M., Pagani, L., Puurand, T., Faltyskova, Z., Clemente, F., Cardona, A., Metspalu, E., Sahakyan, H., Yunusbayev, B., Hudjashov, G., DeGiorgio, M., Loogväli, E.-L., Eichstaedt, C., Eelmets, M., Chaubey, G., Tambets, K., Litvinov, S., Mormina, M., Xue, Y., Ayub, Q., Zoraqi, G., Korneliussen, T. S., Akhatova, F., Lachance, J., Tishkoff, S., Momynaliev, K., Ricaut, F.-X., Kusuma, P., Razafindrazaka, H., Pierron, D., Cox, M. P., Sultana, G. N. N., Willerslev, R., Muller, C., Westaway, M., Lambert, D., Skaro, V., Kovačevic´, L., Turdikulova, S., Dalimova, D., Khusainova, R., Trofimova, N., Akhmetova, V., Khidiyatova, I., Lichman, D. V., Isakova, J., Pocheshkhova, E., Sabitov, Z., Barashkov, N. A., Nymadawa, P., Mihailov, E., Seng, J. W. T., Evseeva, I., Migliano, A. B., Abdullah, S., Andriadze, G., Primorac, D., Atramentova, L., Utevska, O., Yepiskoposyan, L., Marjanovic´, D., Kushniarevich, A., Behar, D. M., Gilissen, C., Vissers, L., Veltman, J. A., Balanovska, E., Derenko, M., Malyarchuk, B., Metspalu, A., Fedorova, S., Eriksson, A., Manica, A., Mendez, F. L., Karafet, T. M., Veeramah, K. R., Bradman, N., Hammer, M. F., Osipova, L. P., Balanovsky, O., Khusnutdinova, E. K., Johnsen, K., Remm, M., Thomas, M. G., Tyler-Smith, C., Underhill, P. A., Willerslev, E., Nielsen, R., Metspalu, M., Villems, R., & Kivisild, T.
- Affiliations
- Estonian Biocentre (EE)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- University of Tartu (EE)
- Institute of Molecular Biology (AM)
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RU)
- University of Auckland (NZ)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- University of Winchester (GB)
- Wellcome Sanger Institute (GB)
- University of Medicine Tirana (AL)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Bashkir State University (RU)
- Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Massey University (NZ)
- University of Dhaka (BD)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Griffith University (AU)
- Academy of Sciences Republic of Uzbekistan (UZ)
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics (RU)
- National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan (KG)
- Kuban State Medical University (RU)
- L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University (KZ)
- National Cancer Centre Singapore (SG)
- Anthony Nolan (GB)
- University College London (GB)
- Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital (BN)
- V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (UA)
- National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (BY)
- Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
- North-Eastern Federal University (RU)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Arizona (US)
- Stony Brook University (US)
- University Hospital of North Norway (NO)
- Estonian Academy of Sciences (EE)
- Corresponding author
- Karmin, Monika
- Kivisild, Toomas
- ORCID
- Karmin, Monika
- Saag, Lauri
- Vicente, Mário
- Talas, Ulvi Gerst
- Mägi, Reedik
- Pagani, Luca
- Puurand, Tarmo
- Cardona, Alexia
- Metspalu, Ene
- Sahakyan, Hovhannes
- Hudjashov, Georgi
- Chaubey, Gyaneshwer
- Tambets, Kristiina
- Ayub, Qasim
- Korneliussen, Thorfinn Sand
- Lachance, Joseph
- Kusuma, Pradiptajati
- Razafindrazaka, Harilanto
- Pierron, Denis
- Cox, Murray P.
- Sultana, Gazi Nurun Nahar
- Lichman, Daria V.
- Sabitov, Zhaxylyk
- Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn
- Migliano, Andrea Bamberg
- Primorac, Dragan
- Gilissen, Christian
- Veltman, Joris A.
- Mendez, Fernando L.
- Veeramah, Krishna R.
- Hammer, Michael F.
- Remm, Maido
- Thomas, Mark G.
- Underhill, Peter A.
- Metspalu, Mait
- Kivisild, Toomas
- Venue
- Genome Research
- Publisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
- Published
- 2015-03-13
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 459-466
- ISSN
- 1088-9051 (ISSN-L)
- 1549-5469
- PMC
- PMC4381518
- OpenAlex
- W7014680338
- Semantic Scholar
- 1e676ee5564b690d9534a3e395d2db6de8cf7875
- Cited by
- 485
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 89 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 11
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Genome Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Winchester Research Repository (submittedVersion)
- Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Nazarbayev University Repository (Nazarbayev University) (submittedVersion)
- Arizona State University Library Digital Repository (Arizona State University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- zvestiya of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (National Academy of Sciences of Belarus) (submittedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Estonian and European Research (infrastructure) Roadmap (3.2.0304.11-0312)
- Estonian Biocentre and Estonian Institutional Research (IUT24-1)
- Estonian Science Foundation (8973)
- Estonian Research Council (PUT766)
- Russian Federation President (MK-2845.2014.4)
- ERC Starting Investigator (FP7-261213)
- Estonian Centre of Excellence in Genomics (3.2.0101.08-0011)
- Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (SF0180026s09)
- Centre of Translational Genomics of the University of Tartu (SP1GVARENG)
- Russian Foundation for Basic Research (14-04-00725-a)
- Russian Humanitarian Scientific Foundation (13-11-02014)
- Presidium of Russian Academy of Sciences (12-I-P30-12)
- Russian Science Foundation (14-14-00827)
- Wellcome Trust (098051)
- Leverhulme Program (RP2011-R-045)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Forensic and Genetic Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Keywords
- Y chromosome, human genetic variation, dispersal out of Africa, population bottleneck, Y-chromosome lineages, reproductive success, cultural change
- MeSH terms
- Base Sequence, DNA, Mitochondrial, Genetics, Population, Haplotypes, Humans, Male, Models, Genetic, Phylogeny, Genetic Variation, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Evolution, Molecular, Chromosomes, Human, Y, Racial Groups
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-11-12, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-11-12 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
