Towards a model of work engagement.
Abstract
Purpose: This paper aims to provide an overview of the recently introduced concept of work engagement. Design/methodology/approach: Qualitative and quantitative studies on work engagement are reviewed to uncover the manifestation of engagement, and reveal its antecedents and consequences. Findings: Work engagement can be defined as a state including vigor, dedication, and absorption. Job and personal resources are the main predictors of engagement; these resources gain their salience in the context of high job demands. Engaged workers are more creative, more productive, and more willing to go the extra mile. Originality/value: The findings of previous studies are integrated in an overall model that can be used to develop work engagement and advance career development in today's workplace.
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Key job-related resources refer to positive team climate and control; personal resources refer to employees' self-efficacy, self-esteem, and resilience, and they are associated with work engagement.
“Key job-related resources refer to positive team climate, and control. In turn, personal resources refer to employees’ self-efficacy, self-esteem, and resilience, and they are associated to work engagement (Bakker and Demerouti, 2008; Salmela-Aro and Upadyaya, 2014).”
From Work Burnout and Engagement Profiles Among Teachers (2019) · cites this paper as Bakker and Demerouti, 2008
Perceived organizational support is crucial in fostering work engagement among educators.
“The role of POS emerges as crucial in fostering work engagement among educators. A supportive organizational environment enhances teachers’ feelings of value and engagement in their professional roles (Eisenberger et al., 2001; Bakker and Demerouti, 2008; Bakker et al., 2011; Derakhshan et al., 2023).”
From Exploring the impact of workload, organizational support, and work engagement on teachers' psychological wellbeing: a structural equation modeling approach (2024) · cites this paper as Bakker and Demerouti, 2008
Engaged educators are prone to experiencing heightened job satisfaction, reduced burnout, and improved psychological wellbeing.
“Engaged educators are prone to experiencing heightened job satisfaction, reduced burnout, and improved psychological wellbeing (Schaufeli et al., 2006; Bakker and Demerouti, 2008; Knight et al., 2017; Fathi et al., 2023).”
From Exploring the impact of workload, organizational support, and work engagement on teachers' psychological wellbeing: a structural equation modeling approach (2024) · cites this paper as Bakker and Demerouti, 2008
Cites
The Job Demands‐Resources model: state of the art
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Self-citationJob demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi‐sample study
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.248 · Cited by 9,297 · see citing works
Self-citationSocial and Psychological Resources and Adaptation
Hobfoll, S. E. (2002) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.6.4.307 · Cited by 4,594 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Additionally, Hobfoll (2002) argues that resource gain acquires its saliency in the context of resource loss.”
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“Personal resources are positive self-evaluations that are linked to resiliency and refer to individuals’ sense of their ability to control and impact upon their environment successfully (Hobfoll et al., 2003).”
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Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/02683940710733115 · Cited by 12,996 · see citing works
Self-citationWork engagement: An emerging concept in occupational health psychology
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- Authors
- Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus University Rotterdam (NL)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Venue
- Career Development International
- Publisher
- Emerald
- Published
- 2008-05-09
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 209-223
- ISSN
- 1362-0436 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1997858829
- Cited by
- 3,213
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 197 · 2025: 253 · 2024: 221 · 2023: 305 · 2022: 272 · 2021: 293 · 2020: 279 · 2019: 236 · 2018: 194 · 2017: 183 · 2016: 157 · 2015: 132 · 2014: 165 · 2013: 104 · 2012: 89
- FWCI
- 85.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Career Development International (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- TU/e Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Workaholism, burnout, and well-being
- Social Sciences › Human Factors and Ergonomics › Employee Performance and Management
- Keywords
- work engagement, vigor, dedication, absorption, job demands, job resources, personal resources, antecedents of engagement, creativity, productivity, career development, engagement model
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