The DOI matches its Crossref record; 152 of the 155 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Wireless Communications and Applications Above 100 GHz: Opportunities and Challenges for 6G and Beyond
Open accessAbstract
Frequencies from 100 GHz to 3 THz are promising bands for the next generation of wireless communication systems because of the wide swaths of unused and unexplored spectrum. These frequencies also offer the potential for revolutionary applications that will be made possible by new thinking, and advances in devices, circuits, software, signal processing, and systems. This paper describes many of the technical challenges and opportunities for wireless communication and sensing applications above 100 GHz, and presents a number of promising discoveries, novel approaches, and recent results that will aid in the development and implementation of the sixth generation (6G) of wireless networks, and beyond. This paper shows recent regulatory and standard body rulings that are anticipating wireless products and services above 100 GHz and illustrates the viability of wireless cognition, hyper-accurate position location, sensing, and imaging. This paper also presents approaches and results that show how long distance mobile communications will be supported to above 800 GHz since the antenna gains are able to overcome air-induced attenuation, and present methods that reduce the computational complexity and simplify the signal processing used in adaptive antenna arrays, by exploiting the Special Theory of Relativity to create a cone of silence in over-sampled antenna arrays that improve performance for digital phased array antennas. Also, new results that give insights into power efficient beam steering algorithms, and new propagation and partition loss models above 100 GHz are given, and promising imaging, array processing, and position location results are presented. The implementation of spatial consistency at THz frequencies, an important component of channel modeling that considers minute changes and correlations over space, is also discussed. This paper offers the first in-depth look at the vast applications of THz wireless products and applications and provides approaches for how to reduce power and increase performance across several problem domains, giving early evidence that THz techniques are compelling and available for future wireless communications.
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“Bandwidth expansion from the millimetre-wave regime to the THz regime also causes uncertain biological impacts on humans and animals.”
From What should 6G be? (2020) · cites this paper as [26]
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Citations
Cites
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“For all mmWave frequencies where the urban cell sizes are on the order of 200 m, rain or snow attenuation can clearly be overcome with additional antenna gain (obtainable by switching in more antenna array elements) [2], [4], [6].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationCutting-edge terahertz technology
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“tion [24], personal health monitoring systems [48], precision time/frequency transfer, and wireless synchronization [10], [22], [59].”
BackgroundSiegel, P. H. (2002) · IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques · doi:10.1109/22.989974 · Cited by 3,092
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Akyildiz, I. F., Jornet, J. M., & Han, C. Z. (2014) · Physical Communication · doi:10.1016/j.phycom.2014.01.006 · Cited by 1,667 · cited 5×
“tion [24], personal health monitoring systems [48], precision time/frequency transfer, and wireless synchronization [10], [22], [59].”
BackgroundInfluentialWireless sub-THz communication system with high data rate
Koenig, S., Lopez-Diaz, D., Antes, J., Boes, F., Henneberger, R., Leuther, A., Tessmann, A., Schmogrow, R., Hillerkuss, D., Palmer, R., et al. (2013) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/nphoton.2013.275 · Cited by 1,587
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BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
3 of the 155 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
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Akram, N., Madanayake, A., Venkatakrishnan, S. B., Volakis, J. L., Psychogiou, D., Marzetta, T. L., & Rappaport, T. S. (2021) · 2021 IEEE Space Hardware and Radio Conference (SHaRC) · doi:10.1109/sharc51853.2021.9375888 · Cited by 8
“…converters (DACs)); however, hybrid approaches based on analog phased-array front-ends reduce the degrees of freedom available to the digital communication system by M − fold, where M is the number of antennas combined in analog domain before being digitized using a single ADC, for example in [7].”
MethodSelf-citationA Fast Algorithm to Solve Delay Vandermonde Systems in Phased-Array Digital Receivers
Perera, S. M., Madanayake, A., Ogle, A., Silverio, D., & Huang, J. Q. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems · doi:10.1109/taes.2021.3086356 · Cited by 5
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Rappaport, T. S., Xing, Y., Kanhere, O., Ju, S., Madanayake, A., Mandal, S., Alkhateeb, A., & Trichopoulos, G. C.
- Affiliations
- New York University (US)
- Florida International University (US)
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Arizona State University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- IEEE Access
- Published
- 2019
- Volume
- 7
- Pages
- 78729-78757
- ISSN
- 2169-3536 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2955897898
- Cited by
- 2,617
- References
- 155
- Citations by year
- 2026: 333 · 2025: 448 · 2024: 412 · 2023: 422 · 2022: 406 · 2021: 356 · 2020: 214 · 2019: 26
- FWCI
- 90.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- IEEE Access (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (1702967, 1731290, 1902283, 1711395, 1854798, 1730946)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Antenna Design and Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Terahertz technology and applications
- Keywords
- terahertz communication, 6G, wireless sensing, wireless imaging, position location, smart antennas, beam steering, propagation models, channel modeling, spatial consistency, power efficiency, spectrum regulation
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