Implementation of Approach Bias Re-Training in Alcoholism-How Many Sessions are Needed?
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Computerized cognitive bias modification (CBM) programs have generated promising results regarding the treatment of alcohol dependence and anxiety disorders. However, there is hardly any research yet on the implementation of alcohol-CBM into clinical practice. This article addresses the question of the optimal number of training sessions for a specific form of CBM: approach bias re-training in alcohol-dependent patients. METHODS: Participants were 111 alcohol-dependent patients of an inpatient rehabilitation clinic. In addition to treatment as usual, they took part in a 12-session CBM protocol, aimed at re-training alcohol approach tendencies, with an adapted Alcohol Approach-Avoidance Task. Learning curves and 2-level fitted mean trends were analyzed. Furthermore, parameters of the fitted mean trend and information on the most effective number of training sessions were used to predict 1-year follow-up data. RESULTS: Two-level analyses revealed 6 training sessions to be the mean optimum, yet many patients improve further after that. Prediction of the individual optimum (speed of response) and parameters of the fitted mean trends failed. The linear term of the graph describing the mean trend of training effects, but not the speed of response, predicted 1-year follow-up data. CONCLUSIONS: Suggestions for practical implementations of CBM are discussed.
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A single AAT session can lead to meaningful change, though repeated administrations lead to greater changes.
“The pilot intervention consisted of three sessions, based on evidence that a single AAT session can lead to meaningful change (e.g., Amir et al., 2013), though repeated administrations lead to greater changes (Eberl et al., 2014).”
From Evaluating Mechanisms: Mapping Weekly Dynamics between Experiential Avoidance and SAD Symptoms (2021) · cites this paper as Eberl et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Eberl, C., Wiers, R. W., Pawelczack, S., Rinck, M., Becker, E. S., & Lindenmeyer, J.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Salus Klinik (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Eberl, Carolin
- Venue
- Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-10-24
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 587-594
- ISSN
- 0145-6008 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2062612006
- Cited by
- 118
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 5.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Rentenversicherung
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Keywords
- cognitive bias modification, alcoholism, usual care, learning curve, response speed
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alcoholism, Cognition, Depression, Female, Humans, Individuality, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Predictive Value of Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Reaction Time, Therapy, Computer-Assisted, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Self Efficacy, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Stroop Test
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