An analysis of observer-rated functional vision in patients implanted with the Argus II retinal prosthesis system at three years
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this analysis was to compare observer-rated tasks in patients implanted with the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System, when the device is ON versus OFF. METHODS: The Functional Low-Vision Observer Rated Assessment (FLORA) instrument was administered to 26 blind patients implanted with the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System at a mean follow-up of 36 months. FLORA is a multi-component instrument that consists in part of observer-rated assessment of 35 tasks completed with the device ON versus OFF. The ease with which a patient completes a task is scored using a four-point scale, ranging from easy (score of 1) to impossible (score of 4). The tasks are evaluated individually and organised into four discrete domains, including 'Visual orientation', 'Visual mobility', 'Daily life and 'Interaction with others'. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients completed each of the 35 tasks. Overall, 24 out of 35 tasks (69 per cent) were statistically significantly easier to achieve with the device ON versus OFF. In each of the four domains, patients' performances were significantly better (p < 0.05) with the device ON versus OFF, ranging from 19 to 38 per cent improvement. CONCLUSION: Patients with an Argus II Retinal Prosthesis implanted for 18 to 44 months (mean 36 months), demonstrated significantly improved completion of vision-related tasks with the device ON versus OFF.
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In practice, FLORA is often employed as an external validation tool that constitutes the very last step of the design process.
“While it is encouraging to see increasing adoption of FLORA by the community (Geruschat et al., 2016; Karapanos et al., 2021), in practice it is often employed as an external validation tool that constitutes the very last step of the design process—a proof of concept, so to speak.”
From Towards a <i>Smart Bionic Eye</i> : AI-powered artificial vision for the treatment of incurable blindness (2022) · cites this paper as Geruschat et al., 2016
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Dorn, J. D., Ahuja, A. K., Caspi, A., da Cruz, L., Dagnelie, G., Sahel, J.-A., Greenberg, R. J., McMahon, M. J., & Argus II Study Group, F. T. (2013) · JAMA Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/2013.jamaophthalmol.221 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
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Petoe, M. A., Titchener, S. A., Kolic, M., Kentler, W. G., Abbott, C. J., Nayagam, D. A. X., Baglin, E. K., Kvansakul, J., Barnes, N., Walker, J. G., et al. (2021) · Translational Vision Science & Technology · doi:10.1167/tvst.10.10.12 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
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“Below we expand on these ideas.”
Karapanos, L., Abbott, C. J., Ayton, L. N., Kolic, M., McGuinness, M. B., Baglin, E. K., Titchener, S. A., Kvansakul, J., Johnson, D., Kentler, W. G., et al. (2021) · Translational Vision Science & Technology · doi:10.1167/tvst.10.10.7 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
The argus ii retinal prosthesis system
Bloch, E., & da Cruz, L. (2020) · Prosthesis · doi:10.5772/intechopen.84947 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Petoe, M. A., McCarthy, C. D., Shivdasani, M. N., Sinclair, N. C., Scott, A. F., Ayton, L. N., Barnes, N. M., Guymer, R. H., Allen, P. J., Blamey, P. J., et al. (2017) · Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.16-21041 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Improvement in reading performance through training with simulated thalamic visual prostheses
Rassia, K. E. K., & Pezaris, J. S. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31435-0 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
- Authors
- Geruschat, D. R., Richards, T. P., Arditi, A., Cruz, L., Dagnelie, G., Dorn, J. D., Duncan, J. L., Ho, A. C., Olmos de koo, L. C., Sahel, J., Stanga, P. E., Thumann, G., Wang, V., & Greenberg, R. J.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- IM3 Inc, Vancouver, Washington, USA,
- Lighthouse Guild (US)
- Moorfields Eye Hospital (GB)
- Second Sight Medical Products (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Wills Eye Hospital (US)
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA,
- Centre hospitalier national d'ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (FR)
- Manchester Royal Eye Hospital (GB)
- University Hospital of Geneva (CH)
- Retina Foundation of the Southwest (US)
- Corresponding author
- Geruschat, Duane R
- ORCID
- Venue
- Clinical and Experimental Optometry
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-05-01
- Volume
- 99
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 227-232
- ISSN
- 0816-4622 (ISSN-L)
- 1444-0938
- PMC
- PMC5066820
- OpenAlex
- W2255805712
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 3.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical and Experimental Optometry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Assistive Technology in Communication and Mobility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies
- Keywords
- Argus II retinal prosthesis, functional vision, visual impairment, blind patients, visual orientation, activities of daily living, long-term outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Vision, Ocular, Prosthesis Implantation, Visual Prosthesis
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