Diabetes UK evidence‐based nutrition guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetes
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A summary of the latest evidence‐based nutrition guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetes is presented. These guidelines are based on existing recommendations last published in 2011, and were formulated by an expert panel of specialist dietitians after a literature review of recent evidence. Recommendations have been made in terms of foods rather than nutrients wherever possible. Guidelines for education and care delivery, prevention of Type 2 diabetes, glycaemic control for Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease risk management, management of diabetes‐related complications, other considerations including comorbidities, nutrition support, pregnancy and lactation, eating disorders, micronutrients, food supplements, functional foods, commercial diabetic foods and nutritive and non‐nutritive sweeteners are included. The sections on pregnancy and prevention of Type 2 diabetes have been enlarged and the weight management section modified to include considerations of remission of Type 2 diabetes. A section evaluating detailed considerations in ethnic minorities has been included as a new topic. The guidelines were graded using adapted ‘GRADE’ methodology and, where strong evidence was lacking, grading was not allocated. These 2018 guidelines emphasize a flexible, individualized approach to diabetes management and weight loss and highlight the emerging evidence for remission of Type 2 diabetes. The full guideline document is available at www.diabetes.org.uk/nutrition-guidelines.
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Diabetes is an important factor associated with low dietary intake, for example in hemodialysis patients, lower limb ulcers, and amputations.
“Diabetes is an important factor associated with low dietary”
From ESPEN guideline on hospital nutrition (2021) · cites this paper as [174]
The Application section discusses unreliable self-reports of dietary intake, not an association between diabetes and low intake. Searches for haemodialysis, ulcers, amputations, and low dietary intake found no passage in our copy addressing that association; the NR Conclusions section gives nutritional recommendations but does not establish the claimed link. (LLM, conf=0.74)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredCurrent guidelines state that various dietary strategies may be effective, and stress personalising weight management, to take account of social situations, but do not provide guidance over diet compositions.
“Current guidelines state that various dietary strategies may be effective, and stress personalising weight management, to take account of social situations, but do not provide guidance over diet compositions [9, 10].”
Diabetes UK and the American Diabetes Association endorsed an individualized approach and agreed on incorporating nonstarchy vegetables and minimizing added sugars and refined grains.
“endorsing an individualized approach and agreeing on several key nutrition recommendations, including: 1) incorporating nonstarchy vegetables; and 2) minimizing added sugars and refined grains.”
In 2018-2019, both Diabetes UK and the American Diabetes Association released nutrition guidelines for preventing and managing diabetes.
“In 2018–2019, both Diabetes UK and the American Diabetes Association (ADA) released nutrition guidelines for preventing and managing diabetes (1, 2)”
Diabetes UK emphasized considering food patterns over macronutrient composition and gave the highest rating for the Mediterranean diet for patients with and at risk for T2DM.
“Diabetes UK also emphasized considering food patterns over macronutrient composition and gave the highest rating for the Mediterranean diet for patients with and at risk for T2DM.”
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- Authors
- Dyson, P. A., Twenefour, D., Breen, C., Duncan, A., Elvin, E., Goff, L., Hill, A., Kalsi, P., Marsland, N., McArdle, P., Mellor, D., Oliver, L., & Watson, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Diabetes UK (GB)
- University College Dublin (IE)
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- King's College London (GB)
- University of Ulster (GB)
- Birmingham Community Healthcare NHS Trust (GB)
- University of Canberra (AU)
- North Tyneside General Hospital (GB)
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Dyson, P. A.
- Venue
- Diabetic Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018-04-16
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 541-547
- ISSN
- 0742-3071 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-5491
- OpenAlex
- W1862868483
- Cited by
- 410
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 25.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ulster University Research Portal (Ulster University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Pure (Coventry University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (CDF-2015-08-006, CDRF-2012-03-021, CDRF-2014-05-030)
- Newcastle University
- University of Glasgow
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes prevention, type 1 diabetes, glycemic control, cardiovascular risk management, diabetes complications, prenatal nutrition, lactation, eating disorders, micronutrients, dietary supplements, functional foods, artificial sweeteners, weight management, type 2 diabetes remission, ethnic minorities
- MeSH terms
- Breast Feeding, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Ethnicity, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Pregnancy, Nutrition Policy, Diabetes Complications, Evidence-Based Practice
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