Accuracy of weighed dietary records in studies of diet and health.
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE--To provide an independent evaluation of seven day weighed dietary records, which are currently accepted as the most accurate technique for assessing habitual dietary intake in studies investigating the links between diet and health. DESIGN--Subjects who had previously participated in the Northern Ireland diet and health study were reselected by stratified random sampling to represent the range of energy intakes in the study as assessed by the seven day weighed dietary record. SETTING--Northern Ireland. SUBJECTS--31 Free living adults (16 men and 15 women). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Energy intake as measured by the seven day weighed dietary record and total energy expenditure estimated concurrently by the doubly labelled water technique. RESULTS--Average recorded energy intakes were significantly lower than measured expenditure in the group overall (9.66 MJ/day v 12.15 MJ/day, 95% confidence interval 1.45 to 3.53 MJ/day). Among those in the upper third of energy intakes the mean (SE) ratio of intake to expenditure was close to 1.0, indicating accurate records (men 1.01 (0.11), women 0.96 (0.08]. In the middle and lower thirds the ratios for men were only 0.74 (0.05) and 0.70 (0.07) respectively and for women 0.89 (0.07) and 0.61 (0.07). CONCLUSIONS--These results show a serious bias in reporting habitual energy intake. If substantiated they may have wide implications for the interpretation of many nutritional studies.
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Prospective recording of food consumption can alter the type and quantity of foods eaten and introduce bias into the estimate of food intake.
“However, prospective recording of food consumption can alter the type and quantity of foods eaten and, therefore, introduce bias into the estimate of food intake [11-13].”
From Online dietary intake estimation: reproducibility and validity of the Food4Me Food frequency questionnaire against a 4-day weighed food record (2014) · cites this paper as [13]
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“Subjects tend to underreport food intake based on weighed dietary records by —20% (19).”
Background
- Authors
- Livingstone, M. B., Prentice, A. M., Strain, J. J., Coward, W. A., Black, A. E., Barker, M. E., McKenna, P. G., & Whitehead, R. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Ulster (GB)
- Venue
- BMJ
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 1990-03-17
- Volume
- 300
- Issue
- 6726
- Pages
- 708-712
- ISSN
- 0007-1447 (ISSN-L)
- 0959-8138
- 1468-5833
- OpenAlex
- W2051679847
- Cited by
- 455
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 28.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.bmj.com/company/legal-information/terms-conditions/legal-information/tdm-licencepolicy (tdm)
- Locations
- BMJ (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
- Keywords
- weighed dietary records, dietary assessment, energy intake, energy expenditure, doubly labeled water, measurement error, energy intake underreporting, habitual diet
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Energy Intake, Diet, Diet Surveys, Energy Metabolism, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Female, Health, Humans, Male, Medical Records, Middle Aged, Body Mass Index
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