The Structure of Emotion: Evidence From Neuroimaging Studies
Abstract
One common point of debate in the study of emotion is whether the basic, irreducible elements of emotional life are discrete emotion categories, such as anger, fear, sadness, and so on, or dimensions such as approach and avoidance. Resolving this debate will identify the basic building blocks of emotional life that are the most appropriate targets of scientific inquiry. In this paper, we briefly review meta-analytic work on the neuroimaging of emotion and examine its potential for identifying “natural kinds” of emotion in the brain. We outline criteria for identifying such natural kinds, summarize the evidence to date on category and dimensional approaches, and suggest ways in which neuroimaging studies could more directly address fundamental questions about the nature of emotion.
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The insula is a key node for creating an interoceptive inference based on the convergence of exteroceptive and interoceptive sensory information from the environment.
“As mentioned above, the insula is a key node for creating an interoceptive inference based on the convergence of exteroceptive and interoceptive sensory information from the environment (Wiens, 2005; Barrett and Wager, 2006; Etkin and Wager, 2007; Menon, 2011) and is thought to make an interoceptive inference based on sensory information that is received (see Figure 7).”
From How Processing of Sensory Information From the Internal and External Worlds Shape the Perception and Engagement With the World in the Aftermath of Trauma: Implications for PTSD (2021) · cites this paper as Barrett and Wager, 2006
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de Houwer, J., & Hermans, D. (2010) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203853054 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Analysing user physiological responses for affective video summarisation
Money, A., & Agius, H. (2008) · Displays · doi:10.1016/j.displa.2008.12.003 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Barrett, L. F., Gendron, M., & Huang, Y.-M. (2009) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515080903153634 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationBarke, A., Stähl, J., & Kröner‐Herwig, B. (2011) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.07.006 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
From Engrams to Pathologies of the Brain
Denny, C. A., Lebois, E. P., & Ramirez, S. (2017) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2017.00023 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
- Authors
- Barrett, L. F., & Wager, T. D.
- Affiliations
- Boston College (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Barrett, Lisa Feldman
- Venue
- Current Directions in Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2006-04
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 79-83
- ISSN
- 0963-7214 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-8721
- OpenAlex
- W2130409243
- Cited by
- 366
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 11.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Directions in Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- emotion structure, basic emotions, neuroimaging of emotion
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