Oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes: the role of fasting and postprandial glycaemia
Open accessAbstract
Oxidative stress, through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), has been proposed as the root cause underlying the development of insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction, impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It has also been implicated in the progression of long-term diabetes complications, including microvascular and macrovascular dysfunction. Excess nourishment and a sedentary lifestyle leads to glucose and fatty acid overload, resulting in production of ROS. Additionally, reaction of glucose with plasma proteins forms advanced glycation end products, triggering production of ROS. These ROS initiate a chain reaction leading to reduced nitric oxide availability, increased markers of inflammation and chemical modification of lipoproteins, all of which may increase the risk of atherogenesis. With the postulation that hyperglycaemia and fluctuations in blood glucose lead to generation of ROS, it follows that aggressive treatment of fasting and postprandial hyperglycaemia is important for prevention of micro and macrovascular complications in T2DM.
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Redox imbalance is an important etiologic contributor to insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction, and impaired glucose tolerance, all resulting in development of type 2 diabetes.
“It appears that the redox imbalance is an important etiologic contributor to insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction, and impaired glucose tolerance, all resulting in the development of type 2 diabetes (Wright et al. 2006).”
From Reactive Oxygen Species, Toxicity, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidants: Chronic Diseases and Aging (2023) · cites this paper as Wright et al. 2006
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- Authors
- Wright, E., Scism-Bacon, J. L., & Glass, L. C.
- Affiliations
- Cape Fear Valley Health System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wright, E.
- ORCID
- Wright, E.
- Venue
- International Journal of Clinical Practice
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-02-22
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 308-314
- ISSN
- 1368-5031 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1448694
- OpenAlex
- W1870696988
- Cited by
- 517
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 1.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Clinical Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Università degli Studi di Udine
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Keywords
- oxidative stress, type 2 diabetes, reactive oxygen species, fasting hyperglycemia, postprandial hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction, advanced glycation end products, nitric oxide, inflammation, atherogenesis, microvascular complications, macrovascular complications, glucose overload
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetic Angiopathies, Fasting, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Hypoglycemic Agents, Lipids, Middle Aged, Nitric Oxide, Biomarkers, Oxidative Stress, Postprandial Period, Early Diagnosis, Atherosclerosis
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