Cited by 822Advanced Glycation End Products researchAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative StressPotato Plant Research

The Advanced Glycation End Product, N∊-(Carboxymethyl)lysine, Is a Product of both Lipid Peroxidation and Glycoxidation Reactions

Open access
Fu, Min-Xin, Requena, Jesús R., Jenkins, Alicia J., Lyons, Timothy J., Baynes, John W., Thorpe, Suzanne R.·1996·Journal of Biological Chemistry

Abstract

Nepsilon-(Carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) is an advanced glycation end product formed on protein by combined nonenzymatic glycation and oxidation (glycoxidation) reactions. We now report that CML is also formed during metal-catalyzed oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the presence of protein. During copper-catalyzed oxidation in vitro, the CML content of low density lipoprotein increased in concert with conjugated dienes but was independent of the presence of the Amadori compound, fructoselysine, on the protein. CML was also formed in a time-dependent manner in RNase incubated under aerobic conditions in phosphate buffer containing arachidonate or linoleate; only trace amounts of CML were formed from oleate. After 6 days of incubation the yield of CML in RNase from arachidonate was approximately 0.7 mmol/mol lysine compared with only 0.03 mmol/mol lysine for protein incubated under the same conditions with glucose. Glyoxal, a known precursor of CML, was also formed during incubation of RNase with arachidonate. These results suggest that lipid peroxidation, as well as glycoxidation, may be an important source of CML in tissue proteins in vivo and that CML may be a general marker of oxidative stress and long term damage to protein in aging, atherosclerosis, and diabetes.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1074/jbc.271.17.9982

Cites

1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Fu, M.-X., Requena, J. R., Jenkins, A. J., Lyons, T. J., Baynes, J. W., & Thorpe, S. R.
Affiliations
  • University of South Carolina (US)
  • Medical University of South Carolina (US)
Corresponding author
Thorpe, Suzanne R.
Venue
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1996-04
Volume
271
Issue
17
Pages
9982-9986
ISSN
0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2108448809
Cited by
822
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 31
FWCI
19.99
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Aging (AG-11471)
  • National Eye Institute (R29EY010697)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Advanced Glycation End Products research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Potato Plant Research
Keywords
carboxymethyllysine, advanced glycation end products, lipid peroxidation, glycoxidation, copper-catalyzed oxidation, polyunsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, low-density lipoprotein, ribonuclease, glyoxal, oxidative stress, protein oxidation, aging, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus
MeSH terms
Copper, Glyoxal, Humans, Lipid Peroxides, Lipoproteins, LDL, Lysine, Oxidation-Reduction, Arachidonic Acid, Glycation End Products, Advanced

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review