Neurocognitive impairment in euthymic young adults with bipolar spectrum disorder and recurrent major depressive disorder
Abstract
Objective: Patients with remitted major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder have persistent impairments in executive function and verbal memory that may represent endophenotypic abnormalities. In this study, we examine neurocognitive function in a sample of euthymic young adults with bipolar spectrum disorder (BSD) (Can J Psychiatry 2002; 47: 125–134) and compare this to well‐matched samples of young adults with recurrent MDD and controls. Method: Twenty‐one euthymic young adult patients with BSD were compared with 42 young adult patients with MDD and 33 controls on a neuropsychological battery assessing attention, executive function and verbal memory. Results: Patients with BSD were significantly more impaired than MDD patients and controls on tests of executive function and verbal memory. MDD patients did not differ significantly from controls on verbal memory function but performed less well on a test of executive function. Conclusion: Euthymic young adults with BSD had greater impairment on neurocognitive measures associated with prefrontal and hippocampal function than MDD patients and controls. This is a reflection of a strong bipolar diathesis in the BSD group rather than being a consequence of a more severe unipolar illness.
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There are many reports of cognitive impairments that remain following antidepressant treatment that successfully reduces depressive symptomatology, even when remission of depressive symptoms is obtained.
“In contrast, there are many reports of cognitive impairments that remain following antidepressant treatment that successfully reduces depressive symptomatology [19–21], even when remission of depressive symptoms is obtained [22–24].”
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- Authors
- Smith, D. J., Muir, W. J., & Blackwood, D. H.
- Affiliations
- Royal Edinburgh Hospital (GB)
- Venue
- Bipolar Disorders
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-01-12
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-46
- ISSN
- 1398-5647 (ISSN-L)
- 1399-5618
- OpenAlex
- W2122040483
- Cited by
- 170
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 5.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Bipolar Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Edinburgh
- University of Glasgow
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- bipolar spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, euthymia, neurocognitive impairment, executive function, verbal memory, attention, endophenotypes, prefrontal function, hippocampal function, young adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Age Factors, Aged, Bipolar Disorder, Cognition Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Memory, Short-Term, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychometrics, Recurrence, Verbal Learning, Reproducibility of Results
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