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Framing as a Theory of Media Effects

Scheufele, Dietram A.·1999·Journal of Communication
DOI 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1999.tb02784.x
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Abstract

Research on framing is characterized by theoretical and empirical vagueness. This is due, in part, to the lack of a commonly shared theoretical model underlying framing research. Conceptual problems translate into operational problems, limiting the comparability of instruments and results. In this paper I systematize the fragmented approaches to framing in political communication and integrate them into a comprehensive model. I classify previous approaches to framing research along two dimensions: the type of frame examined (media frames vs. audience frames) and the way frames are operationalized (independent variable or dependent variable). I develop a process model of framing, identifying four key processes that should be addressed in future research: frame building, frame setting, individual-level processes of framing, and a feedback loop from audiences to journalists.

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  • The media plays a crucial role in this process, not only by raising awareness of episodes of police violence but also by addressing basic questions about such episodes, which narrows the number of reasonable interpretations and allows certain acts of police force to be seen as unreasonable and disturbing.

    “Our findings demonstrate that the media plays a crucial role in this process, not only by raising awareness of episodes of police violence but also by addressing basic questions about such episodes. What exactly happened? What was the race of the victim and police officer? Was the victim armed? When these questions are addressed, either by professional reporters (as in Frank Jude's case) or 'citiz”

    From Police Violence and Citizen Crime Reporting in the Black Community (2016) · cites this paper as Scheufele 1999

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Metadata

Authors
Scheufele, D. A.
Venue
Journal of Communication
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
1999-03-01
Volume
49
Issue
1
Pages
103-122
ISSN
  • 0021-9916
  • 1460-2466
DOI
10.1111/j.1460-2466.1999.tb02784.x
Cited by
2,179
References
2
Language
en
Licence
doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 6028 d)

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