The effects of Xanthigen ™ in the weight management of obese premenopausal women with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and normal liver fat
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the effects of Xanthigen (brown marine algae fucoxanthin + pomegranate seed oil (PSO)) on body weight, body fat, liver lipids, and blood biochemistry; and Xanthigen and its individual components on resting energy expenditure (REE) in obese, non‐diabetic female volunteers with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and normal liver fat (NLF) content. Methods: Sixteen‐week, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study. Food record data, body composition, REE (only 41 volunteers with NAFLD) and blood sample analysis were assessed weekly for 16 weeks in 151 non‐diabetic, obese premenopausal women with liver fat content above 11% (NAFLD) n = 113, and below 6.5% (NLF) n = 38. Results: Xanthigen‐600/2.4 mg (300 mg PSO + 300 mg brown seaweed extract containing 2.4 mg fucoxanthin) resulted in statistically significant reduction of body weight (5.5 ± 1.4 kg NAFLD group and 4.9 ± 1.2 kg NLF group, p < 0.05), waist circumference (NAFLD group only), body (3.5 ± 1.9 kg NAFLD group, p < 0.001; 3.6 ± 0.7 kg NLF group, p < 0.05) and liver fat content, liver enzymes (NAFLD group only), serum triglycerides and C‐reactive protein. Weight loss and reduction in body and liver fat content occurred earlier in patients with NLF than in patients with NAFLD. Fucoxanthin ( > 2.4 mg) and Xanthigen‐400/1.6 mg (200 mg PSO + 200 mg brown seaweed extract containing 1.6 mg fucoxanthin) significantly increased REE in NAFLD subjects compared to placebo. Conclusions: Xanthigen promoted weight loss, reduced body and liver fat content, and improved liver function tests in obese non‐diabetic women. Xanthigen and Fucoxanthin also increased REE. This product may be considered a promising food supplement in the management of obesity.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Fucoxanthin significantly reduced body fat in obese individuals in a clinical trial.
“Fucoxanthin significantly reduced body fat in obese individuals in a clinical trial by Abidov et al. [255]”
From The promising future of microalgae: Current status, challenges, and optimization of a sustainable and renewable industry for biofuels, feed, and other products (2018) · cites this paper as [255]
Cites
Ludwig, J., Viggiano, T. R., McGill, D. B., & Ott, B. J. (1980) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(24)00530-5 · Cited by 2,903 · see citing works
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Marchesini, G., Brizi, M., Bianchi, G., Tomassetti, S., Bugianesi, E., Lenzi, M., McCullough, A. J., Natale, S., Forlani, G., & Melchionda, N. (2001) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.8.1844 · Cited by 2,581 · see citing works
Chronic Subclinical Inflammation as Part of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome
Festa, A., D’Agostino, R., Howard, G., Mykkänen, L. M., Tracy, R. P., & Haffner, S. M. (2000) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.102.1.42 · Cited by 2,363 · see citing works
Thermogenic mechanisms in brown fat.
Nicholls, D. G., & Locke, R. M. (1984) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.1984.64.1.1 · Cited by 1,602 · cited 1× · see citing works
“• Induction of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) [13], which leads to an increased resting energy expenditure (REE) by uncoupling a step during cellular metabolism [14].”
BackgroundAppendicular skeletal muscle mass: measurement by dual-photon absorptiometry
Heymsfield, S. B., Smith, R. C., Aulet, M., Bensen, B., Lichtman, S. W., Wang, J., & Pierson, R. (1990) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/52.2.214 · Cited by 819 · see citing works
Macy, E. M., Hayes, T. E., & Tracy, R. P. (1997) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/43.1.52 · Cited by 797 · see citing works
Relationship of plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids to circulating inflammatory markers.
Ferrucci, L., Cherubini, A., Bandinelli, S., Bartali, B., Corsi, A., Lauretani, F., Martin, A., Andres-Lacueva, C., Senin, U., & Guralnik, J. M. (2006) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2005-1303 · Cited by 696 · see citing works
Maeda, H., Hosokawa, M., Sashima, T., Funayama, K., & Miyashita, K. (2005) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.002 · Cited by 641 · see citing works
Ramsay, L., Williams, B., Johnston, G., MacGregor, G. A., Poston, L., Potter, J., Poulter, N. R., Russell, G. I., & for the British Hypertension Society (1999) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000917 · Cited by 576 · see citing works
Fucoxanthin as the Major Antioxidant inHijikia fusiformis, a Common Edible Seaweed
Xiaojun, Y. A. N., Chuda, Y., SUZUKI, M., & Nagata, T. (1999) · Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1271/bbb.63.605 · Cited by 475 · see citing works
Gamma-glutamyltransferase and diabetes—a 4 year follow-up study
Lee, D. H., Ha, M., Kim, J.-H., et al. (2003) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-003-1036-5 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Quantification of liver fat using magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Thomsen, C., Becker, U., Winkler, K., Christoffersen, P., Jensen, M., & Henriksen, O. (1994) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/0730-725x(94)92543-7 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Heilbronn, L. K., Noakes, M., & Clifton, P. M. (2001) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.21.6.968 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Eguchi, Y., Eguchi, T., Mizuta, T., Ide, Y., Yasutake, T., Iwakiri, R., Hisatomi, A., Ozaki, I., Yamamoto, K., Kitajima, Y., et al. (2006) · Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1007/s00535-006-1790-5 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Turner, J. G., Brownlie, B. E. W., & Sadler, W. A. (1975) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(75)91339-2 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Body fat distribution, relative weight, and liver enzyme levels: A population-based study
Stranges, S., Dorn, J. M., Muti, P. C., et al. (2004) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.20149 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Fucoxanthin and its metabolite, fucoxanthinol, suppress adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells
Maeda, H., Hosokawa, M., Sashima, T., Takahashi, N., Kawada, T., & Miyashita, K. (2006) · International Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.3892/ijmm.18.1.147 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Heitmann, B. L. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Couillard, C., Ruel, G., Archer, W., Pomerleau, S., Bergeron, J., Couture, P., Lamarche, B., & Bergeron, N. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2438 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Proton‐donative antioxidant activity of fucoxanthin with 1,1‐Diphenyl‐2‐Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)
Nomura, T., Kikuchi, M., Kubodera, A., & Kawakami, Y. (1997) · IUBMB Life · doi:10.1080/15216549700202761 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
江口, 有. (2006) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Body Fat Distribution, Liver Enzymes, and Risk of Hypertension
Stranges, S., Trevisan, M., Dorn, J. M., et al. (2005) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000185688.81320.4d · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Arao, K., Wang, Y., Inoue, N., Hirata, J., Jae-Young, C. H. A., Nagao, K., & Yanagita, T. (2004) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/1476-511x-3-24 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Tsukui, T., Konno, K., Hosokawa, M., Maeda, H., Sashima, T., & Miyashita, K. (2007) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf070110q · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Ikai, E., Ishizaki, M., Suzuki, Y., Ishida, M., Noborizaka, Y., & Yamada, Y. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 104 · see citing works
DESIALYLATED TRANSFERRIN AS A SEROLOGICAL MARKER OF CHRONIC EXCESSIVE ALCOHOL INGESTION
Storey, E., Mack, U., Anderson, G. J., et al. (1987) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(87)90544-7 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Omega-3 fatty acid concentrates in the treatment of moderate hypertriglyceridemia
Skulas-Ray, A. C., West, S. G., Davidson, M. H., & Kris-Etherton, P. M. (2008) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.9.7.1237 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Prognosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Propst, A., Propst, T., Judmaier, G., & Vogel, W. (1995) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(95)90724-6 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Willumsen, N., Vaagenes, H., Lie, Ø. H., Rustan, A. C., & Berge, R. K. (1996) · Lipids · doi:10.1007/bf02523828 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Arao, K., Yotsumoto, H., Han, S.-Y., Nagao, K., & Yanagita, T. (2004) · Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1271/bbb.68.2643 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
The basis of direct and indirect calorimetry and their potentials
Schutz, Y. (1995) · Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmr.5610110406 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the epidemic of obesity.
Collantes, R. S., Ong, J. P., & Younossi, Z. M. (2004) · Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine · doi:10.3949/ccjm.71.8.657 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Prognostic markers for diet-induced weight loss in obese women.
Astrup, A. V., Buemann, B., Gluud, C. N., Bennett, P., Tjur, T., & Christensen, N. J. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Murata, M., Ishihara, K., & Saito, H. (1999) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/129.1.146 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Steatosis and cirrhosis in an obese diabetic
Keeffe, E. B., Adesman, P. W., Stenzel, P., & Palmer, R. M. (1987) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/bf01296300 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Melgarejo-Moreno, P., Nicolás, J. J. M., & Tomé, J. (2000) · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity.
Salgado, W., dos Santos, J. S., Sankarankutty, A., & Silva, O. D. C. E. (2006) · Acta Cirurgica Brasileira · doi:10.1590/s0102-86502006000700017 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Lipoprotein metabolism following gastroplasty in obese women
von Schenck, H., Wallentin, L. C., Lennmarken, C., et al. (1992) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.3109/00365519209088358 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Seaweed Carotenoid, Fucoxanthin, with Highly Bioactive and Nutritional Activities
Miyashita, K. (2006) · Han-gug hae-yang ba-i-o haghoeji/Han-guk haeyang baio hakoeji · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Khan, M. I., Shin, J. H., & Kim, J. D. (2018) · Microbial Cell Factories · doi:10.1186/s12934-018-0879-x · Cited by 2,082 · see citing works
Peng, J., Yuan, J.-P., Wu, C.-F., & Wang, J.-H. (2011) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md9101806 · Cited by 820 · see citing works
Photosynthetic pigments in diatoms
Kuczynska, P., Jemiola-Rzeminska, M., & Strzalka, K. (2015) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md13095847 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Risks and benefits of consuming edible seaweeds
Cherry, P., O’Hara, C., Magee, P. J., McSorley, E. M., & Allsopp, P. J. (2019) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuy066 · Cited by 440 · see citing works
Healthy aging diets other than the Mediterranean: A focus on the Okinawan diet
Willcox, D. C., Scapagnini, G., & Willcox, B. J. (2014) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2014.01.002 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Carotenoids from Marine Microalgae: A Valuable Natural Source for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases
Raposo, M., De Morais, A., & De Morais, R. (2015) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md13085128 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Milledge, J. J., Nielsen, B. V., & Bailey, D. (2016) · Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology · doi:10.1007/s11157-015-9381-7 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Microalgae-based pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals: an emerging field with immense market potential
Jha, D., Jain, V., Sharma, B., Kant, A., & Garlapati, V. K. (2017) · ChemBioEng Reviews · doi:10.1002/cben.201600023 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Ryckebosch, E., Bruneel, C., Termote-Verhalle, R., Muylaert, K., & Foubert, I. (2014) · Algal Research · doi:10.1016/j.algal.2013.11.001 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Antioxidant marine products in cancer chemoprevention
Park, E.-J., & Pezzuto, J. M. (2013) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5235 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Anti-Obesity Therapy by Food Component: Unique Activity of Marine Carotenoid, Fucoxanthin
Miyashita, K. (2013) · Obesity & Control Therapies: Open Access · doi:10.15226/2374-8354/1/1/00103 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Dhandayuthapani, K., Malathy, S., Mulla, S. I., & Gupta, S. K. (2021) · Algae · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-7518-1_7 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
- Authors
- Abidov, M., Ramazanov, Z., Seifulla, R., & Grachev, S.
- Affiliations
- Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RU)
- Sechenov University (RU)
- Corresponding author
- Abidov, M.
- ORCID
- Grachev, S.
- Venue
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-12-22
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 72-81
- ISSN
- 1462-8902 (ISSN-L)
- 1463-1326
- OpenAlex
- W2164271483
- Cited by
- 278
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 5.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Keywords
- fucoxanthin, pomegranate seed oil, brown seaweed extract, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, weight loss, fat loss, liver fat, resting energy expenditure, premenopausal women, dietary supplements, serum triglycerides, C-reactive protein, liver enzymes
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Body Weight, Double-Blind Method, Drug Combinations, Energy Metabolism, Fatty Liver, Female, Humans, Obesity, Plant Oils, Weight Loss, Body Mass Index, Treatment Outcome, Premenopause, Anti-Obesity Agents, Xanthophylls
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
