Risks and benefits of consuming edible seaweeds
Open accessAbstract
Recent interest in seaweeds as a source of macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive components has highlighted prospective applications within the functional food and nutraceutical industries, with impetus toward the alleviation of risk factors associated with noncommunicable diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. This narrative review summarizes the nutritional composition of edible seaweeds; evaluates the evidence regarding the health benefits of whole seaweeds, extracted bioactive components, and seaweed-based food products in humans; and assesses the potential adverse effects of edible seaweeds, including those related to ingestion of excess iodine and arsenic. If the potential functional food and nutraceutical applications of seaweeds are to be realized, more evidence from human intervention studies is needed to evaluate the nutritional benefits of seaweeds and the efficacy of their purported bioactive components. Mechanistic evidence, in particular, is imperative to substantiate health claims.
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Mitigation strategies increasingly emphasize improved coastal monitoring, avoidance of harvesting from contaminated waters, and adoption of post-harvest treatments such as boiling and soaking, which can reduce certain metal concentrations.
“Mitigation strategies increasingly emphasize improved coastal monitoring, avoidance of harvesting from contaminated waters, and the adoption of post-harvest treatments such as boiling and soaking, which can reduce certain metal concentrations [237].”
From Navigating the potential of algal peptides: health effects, market applications, and scientific challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [237]
The Heavy metals and Arsenic sections (page unavailable) call for monitoring and environmental assessment, and report that soaking and boiling reduced total arsenic in some seaweeds. The paper does not explicitly recommend avoiding harvest from contaminated waters or establish that these strategies are increasingly emphasized. It also notes that boiling can increase inorganic arsenic in one seaweed. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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The Potential of Algae in the Nutricosmetic Sector
Dini, I. (2023) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules28104032 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
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Human Exposure to Iodine from the Consumption of Edible Seaweeds
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Khaliq, M., Noor, Z., Moazzam, M., Saeed, F., Tul-Zohra, K., Tariq, E., Muhammad Shahbaz, H., & Khaliq, K. (2026) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890.2026.2637282 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“Mitigation strategies increasingly emphasize improved coastal monitoring, avoidance of harvesting from contaminated waters, and the adoption of post-harvest treatments such as boiling and soaking, which can reduce certain metal concentrations [237].”
- Authors
- Cherry, P., O’Hara, C., Magee, P. J., McSorley, E. M., & Allsopp, P. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Ulster (GB)
- Government of Ireland (IE)
- Corresponding author
- Allsopp, Philip J
- Venue
- Nutrition Reviews
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-03-06
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 307-329
- ISSN
- 0029-6643 (ISSN-L)
- 1753-4887
- PMC
- PMC6551690
- OpenAlex
- W2921032626
- Cited by
- 440
- References
- 254
- Citations by year
- 2026: 56 · 2025: 67 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 63 · 2022: 66 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 7
- FWCI
- 2.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrition Reviews (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ulster University Research Portal (Ulster University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine (13F511)
- Department for Employment and Learning Northern Ireland
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine and coastal plant biology
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Keywords
- edible seaweeds, nutritional composition, bioactive compounds, functional foods, nutraceuticals, non-communicable diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, iodine excess, arsenic, health claims, seaweed-based food products
- MeSH terms
- Diet, Humans, Nutritive Value, Plants, Edible, Seaweed, Risk Assessment, Dietary Supplements, Functional Food
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