Long‐term effects of the Diabetes Prevention Program interventions on cardiovascular risk factors: a report from the DPP Outcomes Study
Open accessAbstract
Diabet. Med. 30, 46–55 (2013) Aims Whether long‐term cardiovascular risk is reduced by the Diabetes Prevention Program interventions is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the long‐term differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors and the use of lipid and blood pressure medications by the original Diabetes Prevention Program intervention group. Methods This long‐term follow‐up (median 10 years, interquartile range 9.0–10.5) of the three‐arm Diabetes Prevention Program randomized controlled clinical trial (metformin, intensive lifestyle and placebo), performed on 2766 (88%) of the Diabetes Prevention Program participants (who originally had impaired glucose tolerance), comprised a mean of 3.2 years of randomized treatment, approximately 1‐year transition (during which all participants were offered intensive lifestyle intervention) and 5 years follow‐up (Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study). During the study, participants were followed in their original groups with their clinical care being provided by practitioners outside the research setting. The study determined lipoprotein profiles and blood pressure and medication use annually. Results After 10 years’ follow‐up from Diabetes Prevention Program baseline, major reductions were seen for systolic (−2 to −3) and diastolic (−6 to −6.5 mmHg) blood pressure, and for LDL cholesterol (−0.51 to −0.6 mmol/l) and triglycerides (−0.23 to −0.25 mmol/l) in all groups, with no between‐group differences. HDL cholesterol also rose significantly (0.14 to 0.15 mmol/l) in all groups. Lipid (P = 0.01) and blood pressure (P = 0.09) medication use, however, were lower for the lifestyle group during the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study. Conclusion Overall, intensive lifestyle intervention achieved, with less medication, a comparable long‐term effect on cardiovascular disease risk factors, to that seen in the metformin and placebo groups.
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- Authors
- The Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study Research Group; prepared on behalf of the DPPOS Research Group, Orchard, T. J., Temprosa, M., Barrett‐Connor, E., Fowler, S. E., Goldberg, R. B., Mather, K. J., Marcovina, S. M., Montez, M., Ratner, R. E., Saudek, C. D., Sherif, H., & Watson, K. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- George Washington University (US)
- University of Miami (US)
- Indiana University School of Medicine (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
- MedStar Health Research Institute (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Venue
- Diabetic Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-12-13
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 46-55
- ISSN
- 0742-3071 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-5491
- PMC
- PMC3524372
- OpenAlex
- W1929309957
- Cited by
- 214
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 14.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Diabetic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Diabetes Association
- Diabetes Action Research and Education Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U01DK048406, P30DK079637, U01DK048489, P30DK017047, P30DK072476)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- NIH Clinical Center
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Keywords
- Diabetes Prevention Program, diabetes prevention, cardiovascular risk factors, intensive lifestyle intervention, metformin, impaired glucose tolerance, blood pressure, lipid profile, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, antihypertensive medication use, long-term follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Antihypertensive Agents, Hypolipidemic Agents, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Angiopathies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Male, Metformin, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Risk Reduction Behavior
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