Rough-and-Tumble Play and the Development of the Social Brain
Abstract
Social play—that is, play directed toward others—is a readily recognizable feature of childhood. In nonhuman animals, social play, especially seemingly competitive rough-and-tumble play or play fighting, has been the most studied of all forms of play. After several decades of study, researchers of play fighting in laboratory rats have pieced together the rudiments of the neural mechanisms that regulate the expression of this behavior in the mammalian brain. Furthermore, the understanding of the organization, development, and neural control of play in rats has provided a model with which to examine how the experiences accrued during play fighting can lead to organizational changes in the brain, especially those areas involved in social behavior.
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ARC plays an important role in plasticity and learning, and rough-and-tumble play behavior has been associated with the development and maturation of neural circuits in the amygdala.
“ARC plays an important role in plasticity and learning, and rough-and-tumble play behavior has been associated with the development and maturation of neural circuits in the amygdala (33).”
From Puberty Blocker, Leuprolide, Reduces Sex Differences in Rough-and-Tumble Play and Anxiety-like Behavior in Juvenile Rats (2024) · cites this paper as [33]
Rats exhibit social play, commonly referred to as play-fighting or rough-and-tumble play.
“Firstly, like most social mammals, rats exhibit social play, commonly referred to as play-fighting, or rough-and-tumble play (Pellis & Pellis, 2007), which is ideal for comparative research.”
From Play in Rats: Association across Contexts and Types, and Analysis of Structure (2014) · cites this paper as Pellis & Pellis, 2007
Laboratory rats display spontaneous play fighting, which seems to have an important role in the development of social skills such as coping with aggressive individuals.
“Laboratory rats display spontaneous play fighting, which seems to have important role in the development of social skills-like coping with aggressive individuals.105,106”
From Ecological validity of social interaction tests in rats and mice (2019) · cites this paper as [105]
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Colonnello, V., Iacobucci, P., Anderson, M. P., & Panksepp, J. (2011) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.20520 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Playful Aggression in Early Childhood Settings
Hart, J. L., & Tannock, M. T. (2013) · Children Australia · doi:10.1017/cha.2013.14 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Social play, social grooming, and the regulation of social relationships
Pellis, S. M., & Pellis, V. C. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511676109.005 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationEmpty Playgrounds and Anxious Children
Belknap, E. E., & Hazler, R. J. (2014) · Journal of Creativity in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/15401383.2013.864962 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Hehar, H., Ma, I., & Mychasiuk, R. (2016) · Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1159/000444015 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
- Authors
- Pellis, S. M., & Pellis, V. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Lethbridge (CA)
- Venue
- Current Directions in Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2007-04
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 95-98
- ISSN
- 0963-7214 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-8721
- OpenAlex
- W2101602470
- Cited by
- 225
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 8.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Directions in Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- rough-and-tumble play, play fighting, social play, social brain, social behavior development, laboratory rats, competitive play, brain organization
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