Brief periods of socialization and later behavior in the rat
Abstract
Juvenile rats were allowed short daily periods of social contact to see if this would reduce the known effects of isolation rearing upon habituation of locomotor activity and object contact in the open field. Animals totally deprived of social experience (ISOL) were slower to habituate than animals living in small social groups (SOC). Rats allowed 1 hr of social contact (partial isolates, PI), but living otherwise in isolation, were intermediate between ISOL and SOC animals. In further experiments the quality of social interactions in the daily period was altered by drugging one of the partners, either with amphetamine or with chlorpormazine. In later tests in the open field, the rats that had interacted with amphetamine‐injected or chlorpromazine‐injected partners differed from PI animals in the direction of resembling complete isolates (ISOL); this was particularly true of those paired with amphetamine animals. Observation revealed that injection of 1 of the partners considerably altered social interactions in the pair. A further test showed that 1 hr of contact a day considerably alleviated the deleterious effects of isolation rearing upon response reversal. We conclude that normal development in the rat may depend upon the flexibility of behavior encouraged by the early social situation.
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Juvenile social isolation in rats leads to impairments in cognition.
“cognition (Einon et al., 1978; Baarendse et al., 2013; Yusufishaq and Rosenkranz, 2013)”
From Social play experience in juvenile rats is indispensable for appropriate socio-sexual behavior in adulthood in males but not females (2023) · cites this paper as Einon et al., 1978
Behavioral performance after social isolation can be partially rescued by allowing the rats daily play for a short amount of time.
“Early behavioral studies have shown that behavioral performance after social isolation can be partially rescued by allowing the rats daily play for a short amount of time (Einon et al., 1978;Potegal and Einon, 1989).”
From Social Play Behavior Is Critical for the Development of Prefrontal Inhibitory Synapses and Cognitive Flexibility in Rats (2022) · cites this paper as Einon et al., 1978
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“, 2002), cognition (Einon et al., 1978; Baarendse et al., 2013; Yusufishaq and Rosenkranz, 2013), and sexual behavior (Gerall et al.”
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- Authors
- Einon, D. F., Morgan, M. J., & Kibbler, C. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Einon, Dorothy F.
- ORCID
- Morgan, Michael J.
- Venue
- Developmental Psychobiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1978-05
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 213-225
- ISSN
- 0012-1630 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-2302
- OpenAlex
- W2165484980
- Cited by
- 232
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Developmental Psychobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Keywords
- socialization, isolation rearing, early social experience, amphetamine, chlorpromazine, response reversal, behavioral flexibility, young rats, social deprivation
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Body Weight, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Habituation, Psychophysiologic, Motor Activity, Social Behavior, Social Isolation, Rats
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