Experimental Evidence of Discrimination in the Hiring of First‐ and Second‐generation Immigrants
Abstract
Previous field experiments that study ethnic discrimination in the labour market are extended in this paper, which outlines a study comparing discrimination of first‐ and second‐generation immigrants. Qualitatively identical resumes, belonging to first‐ and second‐generation immigrants from the Middle East, were sent to employers in Sweden that had advertised for labour. The findings suggest, somewhat unexpectedly, that first‐ and second‐generation immigrants have essentially the same probability of being invited to a job interview, which in turn is significantly lower than the probability of invitation to interview for natives.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
There is some evidence that employment agencies are less likely to show discrimination against immigrants.
“Similarly, there is some evidence that employment agencies are less likely to show discrimination against immigrants, likely for similar reasons (Carlsson 2010).”
From Prejudice and Discrimination Toward Immigrants (2021) · cites this paper as Carlsson 2010
Carlsson (2010) found no difference in discrimination against first- and second-generation immigrants in Sweden.
“Carlsson (2010), for example, designed a field experiment to compare discrimination against first-and second-generation immigrants in Sweden, finding no difference in discrimination.”
From Comparative Perspectives on Racial Discrimination in Hiring: The Rise of Field Experiments (2021) · cites this paper as Carlsson (2010)
Cites
(2001) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 27,577 · see citing works
Bertrand, M., & Mullainathan, S. (2004) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/0002828042002561 · Cited by 4,504 · see citing works
The Economics of Discrimination.
Collard, D. A., & Becker, G. S. (1972) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/2230052 · Cited by 3,642 · see citing works
The Statistical Theory of Racism and Sexism.
Phelps, E. S. (1972) · American Economic Review · Cited by 3,305 · see citing works
The Economics of Discrimination
Leonard, R. C., & Becker, G. S. (1957) · The American Catholic Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/3708738 · Cited by 2,936 · see citing works
Field Experiments of Discrimination in the Market Place
Riach, P. A., & Rich, J. (2002) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.1111/1468-0297.00080 · Cited by 911 · see citing works
Evidence of ethnic discrimination in the Swedish labor market using experimental data
Carlsson, M., & Rooth, D.-O. (2007) · Labour Economics · doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2007.05.001 · Cited by 559 · see citing works
Self-citationDiscrimination in Labor Markets.
Stoikov, V., Ashenfelter, O., & Rees, A. (1975) · Industrial and Labor Relations Review · doi:10.2307/2521858 · Cited by 553 · see citing works
Discrimination in the rental housing market: A field experiment on the Internet
Ahmed, A. M., & Hammarstedt, M. (2008) · Journal of Urban Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jue.2008.02.004 · Cited by 362 · see citing works
le Grand, C., & Szulkin, R. (2002) · Labour · doi:10.1111/1467-9914.00186 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Do Anonymous Job Application Procedures Level the Playing Field?
Åslund, O., & Skans, O. N. (2012) · Industrial and Labor Relations Review · doi:10.1177/001979391206500105 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Unemployment‐Risk Differentials Between Immigrant and Native Workers in Sweden
Araï, M., & Vilhelmsson, R. (2004) · Industrial Relations A Journal of Economy and Society · doi:10.1111/j.0019-8676.2004.00355.x · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Bursell, M. (2007) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Adopted Children in the Labour Market — Discrimination or Unobserved Characteristics?
Rooth, D. (2002) · International Migration · doi:10.1111/1468-2435.00186 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Detecting discrimination in the hiring process: evidence from an Internet-based search channel
Eriksson, S., & Lagerström, J. (2011) · Empirical Economics · doi:10.1007/s00181-011-0496-6 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Detecting discrimination in the hiring process: evidence from an Internet-based search channelPreprint
Eriksson, S., & Lagerström, J. (2007) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 15 · see citing works
What's in a Name? - An ethnical discrimination experimentPreprint
Holm, H. J. (2001) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Essays on the Behavioral Economics of Discrimination
Ahmed, A. M. (2005) · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Essays on Discrimination in Hiring
Carlsson, M. (2009) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 20 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ethnic discrimination in hiring decisions: a meta-analysis of correspondence tests 1990–2015
Zschirnt, E., & Ruedin, D. (2016) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2015.1133279 · Cited by 597 · see citing works
Prejudice and Discrimination Toward Immigrants
Esses, V. M. (2021) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-080520-102803 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Hiring Discrimination: An Overview of (Almost) All Correspondence Experiments Since 2005
Baert, S. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-71153-9_3 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Is There Less Discrimination in Occupations Where Recruitment Is Difficult?
Baert, S., Cockx, B., Gheyle, N., & Vandamme, C. (2015) · ILR Review · doi:10.1177/0019793915570873 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Comparative Perspectives on Racial Discrimination in Hiring: The Rise of Field Experiments
Quillian, L., & Midtbøen, A. H. (2021) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-090420-035144 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
An Introduction to Audit Studies in the Social Sciences
Gaddis, S. M. (2018) · Audit Studies: Behind the Scenes with Theory, Method, and Nuance · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-71153-9_1 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Discrimination of the Second Generation: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Norway
Midtbøen, A. H. (2014) · Journal of International Migration and Integration / Revue de l integration et de la migration internationale · doi:10.1007/s12134-014-0406-9 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Ethnic Discrimination in the Dutch Labor Market
Andriessen, I., Nievers, E., Dagevos, J., & Faulk, L. (2012) · Work and Occupations · doi:10.1177/0730888412444783 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Midtbøen, A. H. (2013) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2013.847784 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Lancee, B. (2019) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2019.1622744 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Goldstein, J. R., & Stecklov, G. (2016) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/0003122415621910 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Gorodzeisky, A., & Semyonov, M. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0176856 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Ahmad, A. (2019) · Sociological Inquiry · doi:10.1111/soin.12276 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
The context of employment discrimination: interpreting the findings of a field experiment
Midtbøen, A. H. (2014) · British Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1111/1468-4446.12098 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Ethnic Segregation, Tipping Behavior, and Native Residential Mobility
Aldén, L., Hammarstedt, M., & Neuman, E. (2014) · International Migration Review · doi:10.1111/imre.12066 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Ethnic discrimination in China's internet job board labor market
Maurer‐Fazio, M. (2012) · IZA Journal of Migration · doi:10.1186/2193-9039-1-12 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Lippens, L., Baert, S., Ghekiere, A., Verhaeghe, P., & Derous, E. (2022) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2022.2050191 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Veit, S., & Thijsen, L. (2021) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2019.1622825 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Fibbi, R., Midtbøen, A. H., & Simon, P. (2021) · IMISCOE research series · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67281-2 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Diehl, C., Andorfer, V. A., Khoudja, Y., & Krause, K. R. (2013) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2013.833705 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
You Can Take Some of It with You!
Damelang, A., & Abraham, M. (2016) · Zeitschrift für Soziologie · doi:10.1515/zfsoz-2015-1005 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Sawert, T. (2019) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2019.1577727 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Ethnic Discrimination in Hiring Decisions: A Meta-Analysis of Correspondence Tests 1990-2015Preprint
Zschirnt, E., & Ruedin, D. (2015) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2597554 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Do Equal Qualifications Yield Equal Rewards for Immigrants in the Labour Market?
Ahmad, A. (2020) · Work Employment and Society · doi:10.1177/0950017020919670 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Carlsson, M., Fumarco, L., & Rooth, D. (2017) · Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/00036846.2017.1406653 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationIntegration of Refugees on the Danish Labor Market
Bredgaard, T., & Thomsen, T. L. (2018) · Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies · doi:10.18291/njwls.v8is4.111161 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Long-term labour market consequences of dropping out of upper secondary school
Brekke, I. (2013) · Acta Sociologica · doi:10.1177/0001699313495056 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Adamovic, M. (2021) · Human Resource Management Review · doi:10.1016/j.hrmr.2021.100832 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Neighborhood signaling effects, commuting time, and employment
Carlsson, M., Reshid, A. A., & Rooth, D. (2018) · International Journal of Manpower · doi:10.1108/ijm-09-2017-0234 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationDoes size matter? Hiring discrimination and firm size
Baert, S., Meyer, A.-S. D., Moerman, Y., & Omey, E. (2018) · International Journal of Manpower · doi:10.1108/ijm-09-2017-0239 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Different Relations of Religion and Mental Health
EL‐Awad, U., Fathi, A., Lohaus, A., Petermann, F., & Reinelt, T. (2022) · European Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1027/2512-8442/a000100 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Dheer, R. J. S., & Lenartowicz, T. (2019) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2019.101069 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
An Introduction to Audit Studies in the Social SciencesPreprint
Gaddis, S. M. (2018) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/e5hfc · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Midtbøen, A. H., & Quillian, L. (2021) · Søkelys på arbeidslivet · doi:10.18261/issn.1504-7989-2021-03-04-02 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Measuring multiple discrimination through a survey-based methodology
D'Ancona, M. Á. C. (2017) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2017.04.006 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Gig-jobs: Stepping stones or dead ends?
Adermon, A., & Hensvik, L. (2022) · Labour Economics · doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2022.102171 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Unemployment persistence among second-generation immigrants
Aradhya, S., Grotti, R., & Härkönen, J. (2023) · European Sociological Review · doi:10.1093/esr/jcac071 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Understanding ethnic hiring discrimination: A contextual analysis of experimental evidence
Lippens, L., Dalle, A., D’hondt, F., Verhaeghe, P., & Baert, S. (2023) · Labour Economics · doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2023.102453 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Ethnical discrimination in Europe: Field evidence from the finance industry
Stefan, M., Holzmeister, F., Müllauer, A., & Kirchler, M. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0191959 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Kreisberg, A. N. (2022) · Social Forces · doi:10.1093/sf/soac055 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Employer Attitudes, the Marginal Employer, and the Ethnic Wage Gap
Carlsson, M., & Rooth, D. (2015) · Industrial and Labor Relations Review · doi:10.1177/0019793915601630 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationImmigration: What About the Children and Grandchildren?Preprint
Sweetman, A., & OURS, J. C. V. (2014) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2379503 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Does the design of correspondence studies influence the measurement of discrimination?
Carlsson, M., Fumarco, L., & Rooth, D. (2014) · IZA Journal of Migration · doi:10.1186/2193-9039-3-11 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationWhose tastes matter? Discrimination against immigrants in the Japanese labour market
Igarashi, A., & Mugiyama, R. (2023) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2022.2163230 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Gaddis, S. M., DiRago, N. V., & Ghoshal, R. (2015) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2605853 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Ethnic concentration and economic outcomes of natives and second-generation immigrants
Neuman, E. (2016) · International Journal of Manpower · doi:10.1108/ijm-06-2014-0136 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Gürlek, M. (2020) · Tourism Management Perspectives · doi:10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100739 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Sweetman, A., & OURS, J. C. V. (2015) · Handbook of the economics of international migration · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53768-3.00021-7 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Larsen, E. N., & Midtbøen, A. H. (2024) · Tidsskrift for samfunnsforskning · doi:10.18261/tfs.65.4.1 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Labour Market Disadvantages of Citizens with a Migration Background in Belgium: A Systematic Review
Devos, L., Lippens, L., Lens, D., Rycx, F., Volral, M., & Baert, S. (2024) · De Economist · doi:10.1007/s10645-024-09443-5 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Busetta, G., Campolo, M. G., & Panarello, D. (2020) · International Journal of Social Economics · doi:10.1108/ijse-02-2020-0055 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Adida, C. L., Laitin, D. D., & Valfort, M. (2013) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2324280 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Weichselbaumer, D., & Schuster, J. (2021) · European Sociological Review · doi:10.1093/esr/jcab012 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Hussénius, K. (2021) · European Journal of Social Work · doi:10.1080/13691457.2021.1896994 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Overqualification Among Second-Generation Children of Immigrants in the Swedish Labour Market
Kim, W. (2024) · European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie · doi:10.1007/s10680-024-09723-5 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
D'Ancona, M. Á. C., & Martínez, M. S. V. (2020) · Social & Legal Studies · doi:10.1177/0964663920983534 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
King, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Political Science · doi:10.3389/fpos.2022.974727 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Comparative Perspectives on Racial Discrimination in Hiring: The Rise of Field ExperimentsPreprint
Quillian, L., & Midtbøen, A. H. (2020) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/5z6a2 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Parental leave use among newly arrived immigrant mothers in Sweden: Causes and consequences
Mussino, E., & Duvander, A. (2023) · Journal of European Social Policy · doi:10.1177/09589287231216688 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Migration und Integration in der Bevölkerungssoziologie
Diehl, C. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-01410-0_22 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
L’intégration économique des jeunes issus de l’immigration au Québec et au Canada
Boudarbat, B., & Ebrahimi, P. (2017) · Cahiers québécois de démographie · doi:10.7202/1040392ar · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Etnisk diskriminering - vad vet vi, vad behöver vi veta och vad kan vi göra?
Ahmed, A. M. (2015) · Ekonomisk Debatt · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Weichselbaumer, D., & Riess, H. (2024) · Journal of Housing Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jhe.2024.102030 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Co-ethnic preferences in a cooking game: a study based onCome Dine With Mein Sweden
Ahmed, A. M. (2012) · Ethnic and Racial Studies · doi:10.1080/01419870.2012.729671 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
London Calls? Discrimination of European Job Seekers in the Aftermath of the Brexit Referendum
Stasio, V. D., & Heath, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Sociology · doi:10.3389/fsoc.2021.737857 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
van den Berg, C. J. W., Blommaert, L., Bijleveld, C. C. J. H., & Ruiter, S. (2017) · Tijdschrift voor Criminologie · doi:10.5553/tvc/0165182x2017059102007 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Measuring Hiring Discrimination A History of Field Experiments in Discrimination ResearchPreprint
Zschirnt, E. (2016) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2780398 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Out-mobility from Stockholm’s immigrant-dense neighbourhoods – a study of two cohorts
Fjellborg, A. A. (2021) · Geografiska Annaler Series B Human Geography · doi:10.1080/04353684.2020.1868325 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Consequences of and Responses to Discrimination
Fibbi, R., Midtbøen, A. H., & Simon, P. (2021) · IMISCOE research series · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67281-2_6 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Behrenz, L., & Månsson, J. (2021) · Economic and Industrial Democracy · doi:10.1177/0143831x211064338 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Abubaker, M., & Bagley, C. (2017) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci6040112 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Intermediation and discrimination in an investment game: An experimental study
Cochard, F., Flage, A., & Peterlé, E. (2019) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2019.10.007 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Utrikes födda på 2000-talets arbetsmarknad - en översikt och förklaringar till situationen
Aldén, L., & Hammarstedt, M. (2015) · Ekonomisk Debatt · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Do Politicians Change Public Attitudes?Preprint
Carlsson, M., Dahl, G. B., & Rooth, D.-O. (2015) · Social Science Research Network · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2868315 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationGustafsson, H., & Engblom, R. (2024) · Frontiers in Sociology · doi:10.3389/fsoc.2024.1427262 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Dahl, M. (2022) · Journal of International Migration and Integration / Revue de l integration et de la migration internationale · doi:10.1007/s12134-021-00844-y · Cited by 5 · see citing works
INTRODUCING “FOURTH SPACE” Young Muslims Negotiating Marriage in Europe
Minganti, P. K. (2016) · Ethnologia Europaea · doi:10.16995/ee.1176 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Tuppat, J. (2022) · Ethnic and Racial Studies · doi:10.1080/01419870.2022.2044066 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Job Market Discrimination against Slum Dwellers in Urban Argentina
Zanoni, W., Acevedo, P., & Hernandez, H. (2022) · doi:10.18235/0004179 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Törngren, S. O., Schütze, C., Belle, E. V., & Nyström, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Sociology · doi:10.3389/fsoc.2024.1222850 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The Power of Media and Changes in Discriminatory Behavior Among Employers
Carlsson, M., & Rooth, D. (2012) · Journal of Media Economics · doi:10.1080/08997764.2012.676583 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationUnderclaiming and Overclaiming
Siegelman, P., & Pandya, S. S. (2013) · OpenCommons at University of Connecticut (University of Connecticut) · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Bjørnset, M., Sterri, E. B., & Rogstad, J. (2021) · Søkelys på arbeidslivet · doi:10.18261/issn.1504-7989-2021-03-04-05 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Aslan, P., Sjöberg, S., Wikström, E., & Ahmadi, N. (2019) · Nordic Social Work Research · doi:10.1080/2156857x.2019.1680418 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Diehl, C. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-04255-4_22-1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Carlsson, M., Fumarco, L., & Rooth, D. (2013) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2332634 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationDoes Labor Market Tightness Affect Ethnic Discrimination in Hiring?Preprint
Carlsson, M., Fumarco, L., & Rooth, D. (2018) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3111158 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationLow‐skilled jobs, language proficiency, and job opportunities for refugees: an experimental study
Ek, S., Hammarstedt, M., & Skedinger, P. (2023) · Scandinavian Journal of Economics · doi:10.1111/sjoe.12549 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Breazu, P. (2024) · Critical Romani Studies · doi:10.29098/crs.v5i2.171 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Aslan, P., Ahmadi, N., Sjöberg, S., & Wikström, E. (2018) · Nordic Journal of Social Research · doi:10.7577/njsr.2235 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Outcomes for Internally Displaced Persons and Refugees in Low and Middle-Income Countries
Schuettler, K., & Do, Q. (2023) · World Bank policy research working paper · doi:10.1596/1813-9450-10278 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Dias, F. A. (2024) · Socius Sociological Research for a Dynamic World · doi:10.1177/23780231241272546 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Zschirnt, E., Lacroix, J., & Ruedin, D. (2025) · European Societies · doi:10.1162/euso_a_00034 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Health Status and Healthcare Utilization of Ethnic Germans in Russia
Arena, C., Holmberg, C., Winkler, V. F., & Jaehn, P. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19010166 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Baraku, I., & Busetta, G. (2024) · Quality & Quantity · doi:10.1007/s11135-024-01944-4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Towards Gender Equality a Comparative Analysis of Gender Attitudes in Africa
Masenu, F. (2019) · Glocalism Journal of Culture Politics and Innovation · doi:10.12893/gjcpi.2019.3.7 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Utrikes föddas etablering på arbetsmarknaden
Hammarstedt, M. (2020) · Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift · doi:10.3384/svt.2019.26.3-4.3089 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Lund, A. (2024) · Nordic Journal of Migration Research · doi:10.33134/njmr.665 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Kim, W., Juárez, S., Dunlavy, A. C., Drefahl, S., & Aradhya, S. (2025) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.117866 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Underclaiming and Overclaiming
Pandya, S. S., & Siegelman, P. (2012) · Law & Social Inquiry · doi:10.1111/j.1747-4469.2012.01324.x · Cited by 4 · see citing works
- Authors
- Carlsson, M.
- Affiliations
- Linnaeus University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Carlsson, Magnus
- ORCID
- Carlsson, Magnus
- Venue
- LABOUR
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-08-17
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 263-278
- ISSN
- 1121-7081 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9914
- OpenAlex
- W1990674164
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 13.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Labour (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Names, Identity, and Discrimination Research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration and Labor Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Labour Market and Migration
- Keywords
- ethnic discrimination, hiring discrimination, first-generation immigrants, immigrant children, Middle Eastern immigrants, employment discrimination, field experiments, resume screening, Sweden
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review