The temporal relation between depression and comorbid psychopathology in adolescents at varied risk for depression
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Background: This study examined the temporal comorbidity of depressive disorders with anxiety, externalizing, and substance use disorders in adolescents who varied in risk for depression. Methods: Participants were 240 adolescents and their mothers who had either a history of depression (high‐risk, n = 185) or were lifetime‐free of psychiatric disorders (low‐risk, n = 55). Children (54.2% females) were first evaluated in 6th grade (mean age = 11.86, SD = .57) with the K‐SADS‐PL to assess current and lifetime diagnoses, and then annually through 12th grade with the A‐LIFE to assess diagnoses since the previous evaluation. Results: For girls, the rate of depression was high regardless of prior anxiety, whereas for boys, the odds that those with prior subthreshold anxiety would have subsequent subthreshold depression were 1.5 times those of boys with no prior subthreshold anxiety, controlling for risk. In addition, the odds that girls with prior substance use disorders would have a threshold depressive disorder subsequently were three times those of girls with no prior substance use disorders, controlling for risk. Conclusions: These results highlight the importance of early detection of various forms of psychopathology in youth who then can be targeted for intervention. The prospective paths to comorbidity differed by sex, thus suggesting that interventions need to be constructed with sensitivity to these distinct diagnostic trajectories.
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Anxiety and depression share common etiologies and are typically comorbid.
“With regard to outcomes assessed in the present study, anxiety and depression share common etiologies (e.g., Hankin, Abramson, Miller & Haeffel, 2004), and are typically found to be co-morbid (see reviews in Gallerani, Garber, & Martin, 2010; Garber & Weersing, 2010).”
From Prospective Relations between Family Conflict and Adolescent Maladjustment: Security in the Family System as a Mediating Process (2015) · cites this paper as Gallerani, Garber, & Martin, 2010
The present study found that earlier anxiety symptoms were implicated in the development of later depressive symptoms.
“Consistent with past research (Bittner et al., 2004; Gallerani et al., 2010), the present study found that earlier anxiety symptoms were implicated in the development of later depressive symptoms (see Figure 1).”
From Prospective Relations between Family Conflict and Adolescent Maladjustment: Security in the Family System as a Mediating Process (2015) · cites this paper as Gallerani et al., 2010
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“Consistent with past research (Bittner et al., 2004; Gallerani et al., 2010), the present study found that earlier anxiety symptoms were implicated in the development of later depressive symptoms (see Figure 1).”
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- Authors
- Gallerani, C. M., Garber, J., & Martin, N. C.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gallerani, Catherine M.
- Venue
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-02
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 242-249
- ISSN
- 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7610
- PMC
- PMC2827636
- OpenAlex
- W2117004535
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 5.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R29 MH454580, K02MH066249, T32MH018921, K02 MH 66249)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- adolescent depression, comorbidities, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, externalizing disorders, subthreshold depression, sex differences, early detection, high-risk adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Psychology, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Anxiety, Child, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Mothers, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Time Factors, Comorbidity, Substance-Related Disorders, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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