β‐Site APP cleaving enzyme up‐regulation induced by 4‐hydroxynonenal is mediated by stress‐activated protein kinases pathways
Abstract
4‐Hydroxynonenal (HNE), an aldehydic product of lipid peroxidation, up‐regulates expression of the β‐site APP cleaving enzyme (BACE‐1), an aspartyl protease responsible for the β‐secretase cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (AβPP), and results in increased levels of amyloid β (Aβ) peptide. The mechanisms underlying this remain unclear but are of fundamental importance because prevention of BACE‐1 up‐regulation is viewed as an important therapeutic strategy. In this study, we exposed NT 2 neurons to a range of HNE concentrations (0.5–5 µ m ) that elicited an up‐regulation of BACE‐1 expression, a significant increase in intracellular and secreted levels of Aβ peptides as well as apoptosis involving poly‐ADP ribose polymerase cleavage and activation of caspase 3. To delineate the molecular events involved in HNE‐mediated BACE‐1 activation, we investigated the involvement of stress‐activated protein kinases (SAPK), signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) and serine–threonine kinase B/phosphatidylinositol phosphate 3 kinase (Akt/PtdIns3K). Using specific pharmacological inhibitors, our results show that activation of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinases and p38 MAPK. , but not STAT or Akt/PtdIns3K, pathways mediate the HNE‐dependent up‐regulation of BACE‐1 expression. Therefore, HNE, an oxidative stress mediator detected in vivo in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients, may play a pathogenetic role in Alzheimer's disease by selectively activating SAPK pathways and BACE‐1 that regulate the proteolytic processing of AβPP.
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Oxidative stress increases Aβ generation.
“consequently, increased Aβ generation”
From The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ prevents loss of spatial memory retention and early neuropathology in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (2011) · cites this paper as Tamagno et al., 2005
Oxidative stress-induced β-secretase upregulation and increased Aβ generation are preventable by antioxidant treatment in vitro.
“both of which are preventable by antioxidant treatment in vitro”
From The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ prevents loss of spatial memory retention and early neuropathology in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (2011) · cites this paper as Tamagno et al., 2005
Oxidative stress induces β-secretase upregulation.
“Oxidative stress also induces β-secretase upregulation”
From The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ prevents loss of spatial memory retention and early neuropathology in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (2011) · cites this paper as Tamagno et al., 2005
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- Authors
- Tamagno, E., Parola, M., Bardini, P., Piccini, A., Borghi, R., Guglielmotto, M., Santoro, G., Davit, A., Danni, O., Smith, M. A., Perry, G., & Tabaton, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Turin (IT)
- University of Genoa (IT)
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tamagno, Elena
- Venue
- Journal of Neurochemistry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-01-10
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 628-636
- ISSN
- 0022-3042 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-4159
- OpenAlex
- W1983730442
- Cited by
- 324
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 11.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Neurochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa) (submittedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- 4-hydroxynonenal, BACE1, amyloid-beta, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p38 MAPK, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, Alzheimer's disease, APP processing, apoptosis, caspase-3, STAT
- MeSH terms
- Aldehydes, Cell Line, DNA-Binding Proteins, Humans, Neurons, Endopeptidases, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Signal Transduction, Trans-Activators, Up-Regulation, Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases, Apoptosis, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Enzyme Activators, JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, STAT1 Transcription Factor, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases
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