A Recent Perspective on Alcohol, Immunity, and Host Defense
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Background: Multiple line of clinical and experimental evidence demonstrates that both acute, moderate, and chronic, excessive alcohol use result in various abnormalities in the functions of the immune system. Methods: Medline and Pubmed databases were used to identify published reports with particular interest in the period of 2000–2008 in the subject of alcohol use, infection, inflammation, innate, and adaptive immunity. Results: This review article summarizes recent findings relevant to acute or chronic alcohol use‐induced immunomodulation and its consequences on host defense against microbial pathogens and tissue injury. Studies with in vivo and in vitro alcohol administration are both discussed. The effects of alcohol on lung infections, trauma and burn injury, liver, pancreas, and cardiovascular diseases are evaluated with respect to the role of immune cells. Specific changes in innate immune response and abnormalities in adaptive immunity caused by alcohol intake are detailed. Conclusion: Altered inflammatory cell and adaptive immune responses after alcohol consumption result in increased incidence and poor outcome of infections and other organ‐specific immune‐mediated effects.
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The effects of chronic alcohol use on the immune response probably also increase the risk of infectious disease.
“The effects of chronic alcohol use on the immune response are probably also to increase the risk of infectious disease 82, 83.”
From The relationship between different dimensions of alcohol use and the burden of disease—an update (2017) · cites this paper as [82]
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- Authors
- Szabo, G., & Mandrekar, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- ORCID
- Mandrekar, Pranoti
- Venue
- Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-01-22
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 220-232
- ISSN
- 0145-6008 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-0277
- PMC
- PMC3787826
- OpenAlex
- W2132641230
- Cited by
- 387
- References
- 170
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 37
- FWCI
- 3.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Network (American Medical Association) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA017729, R21AA017545, R01AA017986)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotoxicology and immune responses
- Keywords
- alcohol, immunomodulation, host defense, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, inflammation, infection susceptibility, pulmonary infection, burns, trauma (physical injury), liver disease, pancreas, cardiovascular disease, tissue damage, immune-mediated diseases
- MeSH terms
- Alcohol Drinking, Ethanol, Animals, Central Nervous System Depressants, Humans, Immune System, Infections, Inflammation
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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