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Global Lithium Availability: A Constraint for Electric Vehicles?
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“lithium is a key ingredient in lithium-ion batteries used to power electric vehicles (EVs), energy grid storage, and portable electronic devices, in addition to its direct uses in ceramics, glass, and other products”
From Lithium and water: Hydrosocial impacts across the life cycle of energy storage (2024) · cites this paper as Gruber et al., 2011
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Since BEVs and PHEVs will control the majority of the EV market, LBs will probably be a significant component of the future generation of EVs [14,15].”
From Electric Vehicle Battery Supply Chain and Critical Materials: A Brief Survey of State of the Art (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Gruber, P. W., Medina, P. A., Keoleian, G. A., Kesler, S. E., Everson, M. P., & Wallington, T. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Ford Motor Company (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Keoleian, Gregory A.
- Venue
- Journal of Industrial Ecology
- Published
- 2011-07-26
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 760-775
- ISSN
- 1088-1980 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1808360606
- Cited by
- 620
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 52 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 35.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Journal of Industrial Ecology (publishedVersion)
- Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Metals and Alloys › Extraction and Separation Processes
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Geology and Environmental Impact Studies
- Keywords
- lithium resources, lithium demand, electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries, lithium deposits, resource adequacy, battery materials
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