Neuroimaging of love: FMRI meta-analysis evidence toward new perspectives in sexual medicine
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Brain imaging is becoming a powerful tool in the study of human cerebral functions related to close personal relationships. Outside of subcortical structures traditionally thought to be involved in reward-related systems, a wide range of neuroimaging studies in relationship science indicate a prominent role for different cortical networks and cognitive factors. Thus, the field needs a better anatomical/network/whole-brain model to help translate scientific knowledge from lab bench to clinical models and ultimately to the patients suffering from disorders associated with love and couple relationships. AIM: The aim of the present review is to provide a review across wide range of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies to critically identify the cortical networks associated with passionate love, and to compare and contrast it with other types of love (such as maternal love and unconditional love for persons with intellectual disabilities). METHODS: Retrospective review of pertinent neuroimaging literature. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Review of published literature on fMRI studies of love illustrating brain regions associated with different forms of love. RESULTS: Although all fMRI studies of love point to the subcortical dopaminergic reward-related brain systems (involving dopamine and oxytocin receptors) for motivating individuals in pair-bonding, the present meta-analysis newly demonstrated that different types of love involve distinct cerebral networks, including those for higher cognitive functions such as social cognition and bodily self-representation. CONCLUSIONS: These metaresults provide the first stages of a global neuroanatomical model of cortical networks involved in emotions related to different aspects of love. Developing this model in future studies should be helpful for advancing clinical approaches helpful in sexual medicine and couple therapy.
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The co-release of dopamine and oxytocin associated with repeated interactions with a specific partner contributes to additional reward-driven learning about romantic behaviors.
“The co-release of dopamine and oxytocin associated with repeated interactions with a specific partner contributes to additional reward-driven learning about romantic behaviors.”
From Becoming a sexual being: The “elephant in the room” of adolescent brain development (2017) · cites this paper as Ortigue et al., 2010
Romantic love involves increased activation in dopamine-rich subcortical regions associated with processing emotion, rewards, and motivation; in higher-order cortical brain regions associated with social cognition and self-representation; and decreased activation in the amygdala.
“Romantic love involves increased activation in dopamine-rich subcortical regions associated with processing emotion, rewards, and motivation; in the higher-order cortical brain regions associated with social cognition and self-representation; and decreased activation in the amygdala (Ortigue et al., 2010).”
From Becoming a sexual being: The “elephant in the room” of adolescent brain development (2017) · cites this paper as Ortigue et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Ortigue, S., Bianchi-Demicheli, F., Patel, N., Frum, C., & Lewis, J. W.
- Affiliations
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University , Syracuse, NY , USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland
- Syracuse University (US)
- West Virginia University (US)
- ORCID
- Lewis, James W.
- Venue
- The Journal of Sexual Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-11-01
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3541-3552
- ISSN
- 1743-6095 (ISSN-L)
- 1743-6109
- OpenAlex
- W2097132987
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 96
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 1.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- The Journal of Sexual Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- West Virginia University
- National Institutes of Health
- National Center for Research Resources
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- love, passionate love, cortical networks, dopaminergic reward system, oxytocin, pair bonding, social cognition, maternal love, unconditional love, intellectual disability, couple therapy, sexual medicine
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Cognition, Dopamine, Emotions, Hemodynamics, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Love, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nerve Net, Reward, Sexual Behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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