Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid dose-dependently reduce fasting serum triglycerides.

Summary of the second report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel II)

Grundy, S. M., Bilheimer, D. W., Chait, A., Clark, L. T., Denke, M. A., Havel, R. J., Hazzard, W. R., Hulley, S. B., Hunninghake, D. B., Kreisberg, R. A., et al. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.269.23.3015 · Cited by 27,944 · see citing works

Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases : report of a Joint WHO/FAO Expert Consultation

Who, J., & Diet, N. F. E. C. O. (2003) · World Health Organization eBooks · Cited by 3,425 · see citing works

European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice Third Joint Task Force of European and other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of eight societies and by invited experts)

De Backer, G. (2003) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0195-668x(03)00347-6 · Cited by 2,251 · see citing works

Omega-3 fatty acids in health and disease and in growth and development.

Simopoulos, A. (1991) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/54.3.438 · Cited by 2,162 · see citing works

Plasma triglyceride level is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level: a meta-analysis of population-based prospective studies

Hokanson, J. E., & Austin, M. A. (1996) · Journal of Cardiovascular Risk · doi:10.1097/00043798-199604000-00014 · Cited by 1,706 · see citing works

Management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation

de Werf, F. V. (2003) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/s0195-668x(02)00618-8 · Cited by 1,441 · see citing works

EUROPEAN GUIDELINES ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE

Backer, D. D., Амбросиони, Е., Borch‐Johnsen, K., Brotons, C., Cífková, R., Dallongeville, J., Ebrahim, S. B. J., Færgeman, O., Graham, I. D., Mancia, G., et al. (2005) · Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology · doi:10.20996/1819-6446-2005-1-3-57-65 · Cited by 1,268 · see citing works

n-3 fatty acids and serum lipoproteins: human studies

Harris, W. (1997) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/65.5.1645s · Cited by 1,243 · see citing works

Fish oils and plasma lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in humans: a critical review

Harris, W. S. (1989) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)38310-3 · Cited by 1,127 · see citing works

Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on serum markers of cardiovascular disease risk: a systematic review

Balk, E. M., Lichtenstein, A. H., Chung, M., Kupelnick, B., Chew, P., & Lau, J. (2006) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.02.012 · Cited by 732 · see citing works

Triglyceride Concentration and Ischemic Heart Disease

Jeppesen, J., Hein, H. O., Suadicani, P., & Gyntelberg, F. (1998) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.97.11.1029 · Cited by 673 · see citing works

European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice

Backer, G. D., Ambrosioni, E., Borch‐Johnsen, K., Brotons, C., Cífková, R., Dallongeville, J., Ebrahim, S. B. J., Færgeman, O., Graham, I. D., Mancia, G., et al. (2003) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2003.10.001 · Cited by 493 · see citing works

Summary of American Heart Association Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations Revision 2006

Lichtenstein, A. H., Appel, L. J., Brands, M., Carnethon, M., Daniels, S., Franch, H. A., Franklin, B., Kris-Etherton, P., Harris, W. S., Howard, B., et al. (2006) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000238352.25222.5e · Cited by 345 · see citing works

Safety and Efficacy of Omacor in Severe Hypertriglyceridemia

Harris, W. S., Ginsberg, H. N., Arunakul, N., Shachter, N. S., Windsor, S. L., Adams, M., Berglund, L., & Osmundsen, K. (1997) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/174182679700400511 · Cited by 306 · see citing works

Fish oil and glycemic control in diabetes. A meta-analysis.

Friedberg, C. E., Janssen, M. J. F. M., Heine, R. J., & Grobbee, D. E. (1998) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.21.4.494 · Cited by 303 · see citing works

Safety and efficacy of Omacor in severe hypertriglyceridemia

Harris, W. S., Ginsberg, H. N., Arunakul, N., Shachter, N. S., Windsor, S. L., Adams, M., Berglund, L., & Osmundsen, K. (1997) · Journal of Cardiovascular Risk · doi:10.1097/00043798-199710000-00011 · Cited by 252 · see citing works

Combining fish-oil supplements with regular aerobic exercise improves body composition and cardiovascular disease risk factors

Hill, A. M., Buckley, J. D., Murphy, K. J., & Howe, P. R. C. (2007) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/85.5.1267 · Cited by 237 · see citing works

Managing Abnormal Blood Lipids

Fletcher, B. J., Berra, K. A., Ades, P., Braun, L. T., Burke, L. E., Durstine, J. L., Fair, J. M., Fletcher, G. F., Goff, D. C., Hayman, L. L., et al. (2005) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.105.169180 · Cited by 236 · see citing works

Enriched Eggs as a Source of N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for Humans

Lewis, N. M., SEBURG, S., & Flanagan, N. (2000) · Poultry Science · doi:10.1093/ps/79.7.971 · Cited by 200 · see citing works

Differential eicosapentaenoic acid elevations and altered cardiovascular disease risk factor responses after supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid in postmenopausal women receiving and not receiving hormone replacement therapy

Stark, K. D., & Holub, B. J. (2004) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.5.765 · Cited by 177 · see citing works

The impact of long chain <i>n</i> ‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on inflammation, insulin sensitivity and CVD risk in a group of overweight women with an inflammatory phenotype

Browning, L. M., Krebs, J. D., Moore, C. S., Mishra, G. D., O’Connell, M. A., & Jebb, S. A. (2007) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2006.00576.x · Cited by 162 · see citing works

Role of n−3 fatty acids in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and cardiovascular disease

Jacobson, T. A. (2008) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.6.1981s · Cited by 147 · see citing works

N‐3 Fatty Acids from Fish Oil: Effects on Plasma Lipoproteins and Hypertriglyceridemic Patients ^a

CONNOR, W. E., DeFRANCESCO, C. A., & CONNOR, S. L. (1993) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb35689.x · Cited by 119 · see citing works

Circulating triacylglycerol and apoE levels in response to EPA and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in adult human subjects

Buckley, R., Shewring, B., Turner, R., Yaqoob, P., & Minihane, A. M. (2004) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn20041235 · Cited by 118 · see citing works

Effects of trans- and n-3 unsaturated fatty acids on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy males. An 8 weeks dietary intervention study

Dyerberg, J., Eskesen, D. C., Andersen, P. W., Astrup, A. V., Buemann, B., Christensen, J., Clausen, P., Rasmussen, B. F., Schmidt, E. B., Tholstrup, T., et al. (2004) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601934 · Cited by 117 · see citing works

Impact of foods enriched with<i>n</i>-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on erythrocyte<i>n</i>-3 levels and cardiovascular risk factors

Murphy, K. J., Meyer, B. J., Mori, T. A., Burke, V., Mansour, J., Patch, C. S., Tapsell, L. C., Noakes, M., Clifton, P. A., Barden, A., et al. (2007) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s000711450747252x · Cited by 110 · see citing works

Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid from fish oils: differential associations with lipid responses

Leigh-Firbank, E. C., Minihane, A. M., Leake, D. S., Wright, J. W., Murphy, M. C., Griffin, B. A., & Williams, C. M. (2002) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn2002556 · Cited by 108 · see citing works

Triglyceride-lowering effect of omega-3 LC-polyunsaturated fatty acids--a review.

Weber, P., & Raederstorff, D. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 106 · see citing works

New and classical risk factors--the Münster heart study (PROCAM).

Assmann, G., Schulte, H., & Cullen, P. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 105 · see citing works

Omega-3 fatty acid concentrates in the treatment of moderate hypertriglyceridemia

Skulas-Ray, A. C., West, S. G., Davidson, M. H., & Kris-Etherton, P. M. (2008) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.9.7.1237 · Cited by 91 · see citing works

Factorial study of the effects of atorvastatin and fish oil on dyslipidaemia in visceral obesity

Chan, D. C., Watts, G. F., Mori, T. A., Barrett, P. H. R., Beilin, L. J., & Redgrave, T. G. (2002) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2362.2002.01001.x · Cited by 90 · see citing works

Moderate fish-oil supplementation reverses low-platelet, long-chain n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acid status and reduces plasma triacylglycerol concentrations in British Indo-Asians

Lovegrove, J. A., Lovegrove, S. S., Lesauvage, S. V., Brady, L. M., Saini, N., Minihane, A. M., & Williams, C. M. (2004) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.6.974 · Cited by 88 · see citing works

Diurnal triglyceride profiles: a novel approach to study triglyceride changes

Cabezas, M. C., Halkes, C. J. M., Meijssen, S., van Oostrom, A. J. H. H. M., & Erkelens, D. W. (2001) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(00)00554-2 · Cited by 75 · see citing works

Clinical overview of algal-docosahexaenoic acid: effects on triglyceride levels and other cardiovascular risk factors.

Ryan, A. S., Keske, M. A., Hoffman, J. P., & Nelson, E. B. (2009) · American Journal of Therapeutics · doi:10.1097/mjt.0b013e31817fe2be · Cited by 72 · see citing works

Effects of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation on blood lipids, estrogen metabolism, and in vivo oxidative stress in postmenopausal vegetarian women.

Wu, W. H., Lu, S. C., Wang, T. F., Jou, H. J., & Wang, T. A. (2006) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602328 · Cited by 70 · see citing works

Lipid Responses to a Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplement in Men and Women with Below Average Levels of High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Maki, K. C., Elswyk, M. E. V., McCarthy, D., Hess, S. P., Veith, P. E., Bell, M., Subbaiah, P. V., & Davidson, M. H. (2005) · Journal of the American College of Nutrition · doi:10.1080/07315724.2005.10719465 · Cited by 67 · see citing works

Effects of alpha-linolenic acid versus those of EPA/DHA on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects

Goyens, P. L. L., & Mensink, R. P. (2006) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602408 · Cited by 62 · see citing works

Cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in serum/plasma pairs.

(1977) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/23.1.60 · Cited by 59 · see citing works

n‐3 fatty acids and health*

Buttriss, J. (1999) · Nutrition Bulletin · doi:10.1111/j.1467-3010.1999.tb00884.x · Cited by 53 · see citing works

Lipid Responses in Mildly Hypertriglyceridemic Men and Women to Consumption of Docosahexaenoic Acid-Enriched Eggs

Maki, Elswyk, V., McCarthy, Seeley, Veith, Hess, Ingram, I., Halvorson, Calaguas, & Davidson (2003) · International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research · doi:10.1024/0300-9831.73.5.357 · Cited by 47 · see citing works

Extending the cardiovascular benefits of omega-3 fatty acids

Harris, W. S. (2005) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-005-0050-0 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

A surveillance study of escitalopram treatment of depressed patients

Anders, M., Tuma, I., & Rösslerova, H. (2007) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.9.1.1 · Cited by 44 · see citing works

Effect of bread containing stable fish oil on plasma phospholipid fatty acids, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and malondialdehyde in subjects with hyperlipidemia

Liu, M., Wallin, R., & Saldeen, T. G. P. (2001) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(01)00353-0 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

n−3 long‐chain FA decrease serum levels of TG and remnant‐like particle‐cholesterol in humans

Hamazaki, K., Itomura, M., Huan, M., Nishizawa, H., Watanabe, S., Hamazaki, T., Sawazaki, S., TERASAWA, K., Nakajima, S., Terano, T., et al. (2003) · Lipids · doi:10.1007/s11745-003-1069-x · Cited by 41 · see citing works

Effects of a small dose of stable fish oil substituted for margarine in bread on plasma phospholipid fatty acids and serum triglycerides

Saldeen, T. G. P., Wallin, R., & Marklinder, I. (1998) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(98)00124-9 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

n-3 fatty acids and health

(2000) · Nutrition Bulletin · doi:10.1046/j.1467-3010.2000.00013.x · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Effect of eicosapentaenoic/docosahexaenoic fatty acids and soluble fibers on blood lipids of individuals classified into different levels of lipidemia

de Castro, I. A., Monteiro, V. C. B., Barroso, L. P., & Bertolami, M. C. (2007) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2006.11.006 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Dose-Response Relationships in Blood Lipids during Moderate Freshwater Fish Diet

Hänninen, O., Agren, J. J., Laitinen, M. V., et al. (1989) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853898909149934 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Effect of ingesting fish oil on serum lipid and lipoprotein concentration in exercising and nonexercising women

Baker, S. J., & Al‐Najadah, R. (1996) · Sports medicine, training, and rehabilitation/Sports medicine, training and rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/15438629609512059 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline

Berglund, L., Brunzell, J. D., Goldberg, A. C., Goldberg, I. J., Sacks, F., Murad, M. H., & Stalenhoef, A. F. H. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2011-3213 · Cited by 887 · see citing works

National Lipid Association Recommendations for Patient-Centered Management of Dyslipidemia: Part 2

Jacobson, T. A., Maki, K. C., Orringer, C. E., Jones, P. H., Kris-Etherton, P., Sikand, G., La Forge, R., Daniels, S. R., Wilson, D. P., Morris, P. B., et al. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2015.09.002 · Cited by 784 · see citing works

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Ethyl Ester (AMR101) Therapy in Patients With Very High Triglyceride Levels (from the Multi-center, plAcebo-controlled, Randomized, double-blINd, 12-week study with an open-label Extension [MARINE] Trial)

Bays, H. E., Ballantyne, C. M., Kastelein, J. J., Isaacsohn, J. L., Braeckman, R. A., & Soni, P. N. (2011) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.04.015 · Cited by 358 · see citing works

Fish oil — How does it reduce plasma triglycerides?

Shearer, G. C., Savinova, O. V., & Harris, W. S. (2012) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.10.011 · Cited by 285 · see citing works

Omega-3 free fatty acids for the treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia: The EpanoVa fOr Lowering Very high triglyceridEs (EVOLVE) trial

Kastelein, J. J. P., Maki, K. C., Susekov, A., Ezhov, M., Nordestgaard, B. G., Machielse, B. N., Kling, D., & Davidson, M. H. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2013.10.003 · Cited by 233 · see citing works

Stearidonic acid as a supplemental source of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to enhance status for improved human health

Walker, C. G., Jebb, S. A., & Calder, P. C. (2013) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2012.06.003 · Cited by 91 · see citing works

Treatment options for the management of hypertriglyceridemia: strategies based on the best-available evidence

Maki, K. C., Bays, H. E., & Dicklin, M. R. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2012.04.003 · Cited by 83 · see citing works

Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and maintenance of normal cardiac function (ID 504, 506, 516, 527, 538, 703, 1128, 1317, 1324, 1325): EPA/DHA/DPA related health claims

EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, N. A. A. (. (2010) · EFSA Journal · doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1796 · Cited by 65 · see citing works

Regulation of lipid metabolism-related gene expression in whole blood cells of normo- and dyslipidemic men after fish oil supplementation

Schmidt, S., Willers, J., Stahl, F., Mutz, K.-O., Scheper, T., Hahn, A., & Schuchardt, J. P. (2012) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/1476-511x-11-172 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Omega-3 fatty acids from fish and plants: same family different biological activity

Calder, P. C. (2010) · ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Physiological Effects of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)—A Review

Narayan, B., Miyashita, K., & Hosakawa, M. (2006) · Food Reviews International · doi:10.1080/87559120600694622 · Cited by 177 · see citing works

Supplementary Figure 2 from Regulation of Colorectal Cancer Cell Apoptosis by the n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Docosahexaenoic and Eicosapentaenoic

Girós, A., Grzybowski, M., Sohn, V. R., et al. (2023) · doi:10.1158/1940-6207.22525418

Assessing long-chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: A tailored food-frequency questionnaire is better

Meyer, B. J., Swierk, M., & Russell, K. G. (2012) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2012.04.002 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Rapeseeds a Rich Source of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Enăşcuţă, C. E., Oprescu, E. E., Radu, A., et al. (2019) · doi:10.3390/proceedings2019029115