Circulating triacylglycerol and apoE levels in response to EPA and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in adult human subjects
Open accessAbstract
High doses of n–3 PUFA found in fish oils can reduce the circulating concentration of triacylglycerol (TG), which may contribute to the positive impact of these fatty acids on the risk of CVD. The present study aimed to establish the differential impact of EPA and docosahexaenoic (DHA) on plasma lipids and apo in adults. Forty-two normolipidaemic adult subjects completed a double-blind placebo controlled parallel study, receiving an EPA-rich oil (4·8 g EPA/d), DHA-rich oil (4·9 g DHA/d) or olive oil as control, for a period of 4 weeks. No effects of treatment on total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol or HDL-cholesterol were evident. There was a significant 22 % reduction in TG level relative to the control value following the DHA treatment (P=0·032), with the 15 % decrease in the EPA group failing to reach significance (P=0·258). There were no significant inter-group differences in response to treatment for plasma apoA1, -C3 or -E levels, although a significant 15 % within-group increase in apoE was evident in the EPA (P=0·006) and DHA (P=0·003) groups. In addition, a within-group decrease in the apoA1:HDL-cholesterol ratio was observed in the DHA group, suggesting a positive impact of DHA on HDL particle size. The DHA intervention resulted in a significant increase in the proportion of EPA P=0·000 and DHA P=0·000 in plasma phospholipids, whilst significant increases in EPA P=0·000 and docosapentaenoic acid P=0·002, but not DHA P=0·193, were evident following EPA supplementation (P>0·05). Our present results indicate that DHA may be more efficacious than EPA in improving the plasma lipid profile.
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Comparing EPA treatment with DHA treatment, or DHA treatment with OM3FA treatment, generally shows similar and small or no effects on LDL-C levels.
“Comparing EPA treatment with DHA treatment, or DHA treatment with OM3FA treatment, generally shows similar and small or no effects on LDL-C levels [18, 19, 23–26].”
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- Authors
- Buckley, R., Shewring, B., Turner, R., Yaqoob, P., & Minihane, A. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Reading (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Minihane, Anne M.
- Venue
- British Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2004-09
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 477-483
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2170661076
- Cited by
- 118
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 9.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Keywords
- eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil supplementation, triglycerides, apolipoprotein E, apolipoprotein A-I, HDL cholesterol, HDL particle size, plasma phospholipids, docosapentaenoic acid, plasma lipid profile, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Analysis of Variance, Apolipoproteins C, Apolipoproteins E, Cholesterol, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Double-Blind Method, Fatty Acids, Female, Fish Oils, Humans, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Middle Aged, Phospholipids, Triglycerides, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Apolipoprotein A-I, Dietary Supplements, Apolipoprotein C-III
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