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Understanding the gastrointestinal tract in obesity: From gut motility patterns to enzyme secretion
Abstract
Background and Purpose: The pathophysiology of obesity has been the product of extensive research, revealing multiple interconnected mechanisms contributing to body weight regulation. The regulation of energy balance involves an intricate network, including the gut–neuroendocrine interplay. As a consequence, research on the gut–brain–microbiota axis in obesity has grown extensively. The physiology of the gastrointestinal tract, far from being underexplored, has significant implications for the development of specific complications in people living with obesity across the fields of gastroenterology, nutrition, and pharmacology. Clinical research indicates higher fasting bile acids serum levels, and blunted postprandial increases in bilious secretions in people living with obesity. Findings are less straightforward for the impact of obesity on gastric emptying with various studies reporting accelerated, normal, or delayed gastric emptying rates. Conversely, the effect of obesity on gastrointestinal pH, gastrointestinal transit, and gastric and pancreatic enzyme secretion is largely unknown. In this review, we explore the current evidence on the gastrointestinal physiology of obesity.
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“Additionally, alterations in gastrointestinal function can lead to nutritional deficiencies in this population [2].”
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“Among its many health complications, obesity is strongly associated with gastrointestinal symptoms and complications, including defecatory dysfunction [2].”
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Cites
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Cummings, D. E., & Overduin, J. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci30227 · Cited by 1,216
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Schwartz, M. W., Seeley, R. J., Zeltser, L. M., Drewnowski, A., Ravussin, E., Redman, L. M., & Leibel, R. L. (2017) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2017-00111 · Cited by 727
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Metabolic Messengers: bile acids
Perino, A., & Schoonjans, K. (2022) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-022-00559-z · Cited by 223 · cited 1×
“121”
The physiology of gastric emptying
Hellström, P. M., Grybäck, P., & Jacobsson, H. (2006) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology · doi:10.1016/j.bpa.2006.02.002 · Cited by 223
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Cited by
Kattah, F. M., Figueiredo, N., Bezerra, K. K., Oliveira, E. S., Melo, C. C. D., Lima, G. B., Cavalcante, J. P. R., Benetti, B. B. D. C., Lima, G. C., Mota, J. F., et al. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17132064 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Steenackers, N., Eksteen, G., Wauters, L., Augustijns, P., Van der Schueren, B., Vanuytsel, T., & Matthys, C.
- Affiliations
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences KU Leuven Leuven Belgium
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neurogastroenterology & Motility
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2024-02-11
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 4
- ISSN
- 1350-1925
- 1365-2982
- Cited by
- 11
- References
- 9
- Language
- en
- Funders
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
