Cited by 68Extracellular vesicles in diseaseNanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryCellular transport and secretion

Brain‐derived extracellular vesicles: Potential diagnostic biomarkers for central nervous system diseases

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Xu, Xiao, Iqbal, Zoya, Xu, Limei, Wen, Caining, Duan, Li, Xia, Jiang, Yang, Ningning, Zhang, Yuanmin +1 more·2024·Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane‐enclosed nanovesicles secreted by cells into the extracellular space and contain functional biomolecules, e.g. signaling receptors, bioactive lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins, which can serve as biomarkers. Neurons and glial cells secrete EVs, contributing to various physiological and pathological aspects of brain diseases. EVs confer their role in the bidirectional crosstalk between the central nervous system (CNS) and the periphery owing to their distinctive ability to cross the unique blood–brain barrier (BBB). Thus, EVs in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine can be intriguing biomarkers, enabling the minimally invasive diagnosis of CNS diseases. Although there has been an enormous interest in evaluating EVs as promising biomarkers, the lack of ultra‐sensitive approaches for isolating and detecting brain‐derived EVs (BDEVs) has hindered the development of efficient biomarkers. This review presents the recent salient findings of exosomal biomarkers, focusing on brain disorders. We summarize highly sensitive sensors for EV detection and state‐of‐the‐art methods for single EV detection. Finally, the prospect of developing advanced EV analysis approaches for the non‐invasive diagnosis of brain diseases is presented.

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  1. Mhyre TR, Boyd JT, Hamill RW, Maguire-Zeiss KA. Parkinson's dis- ease. Subcell. Biochem. 2012; 65: 389-455.

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Authors
Xu, X., Iqbal, Z., Xu, L., Wen, C., Duan, L., Xia, J., Yang, N., Zhang, Y., & Liang, Y.
Affiliations
  • Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University (CN)
  • Shenzhen University (CN)
  • Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
  • Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine (US)
Corresponding author
  • Zhang, Yuanmin
  • Liang, Yujie
Venue
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2023-11-14
Volume
78
Issue
2
Pages
83-96
ISSN
  • 1323-1316 (ISSN-L)
  • 1440-1819
OpenAlex
W4387931644
Cited by
68
References
110
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 23
FWCI
1.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (2023A1515011936)
  • Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2019MH100, ZR2023QH148)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
Keywords
brain-derived extracellular vesicles, exosomes, diagnostic biomarkers, central nervous system disorders, blood-brain barrier, cerebrospinal fluid, urinary biomarkers, non-invasive diagnosis, neurodegenerative diseases, neuroinflammation
MeSH terms
Extracellular Vesicles, Brain, Brain Diseases, Central Nervous System Diseases, Humans, Biomarkers

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