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Cited by 63Muscle activation and electromyography studiesMuscle Physiology and DisordersMotor Control and Adaptation

The frequency response of frog muscle spindles under various conditions

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Kirkwood, P. A.·1972·The Journal of Physiology
DOI 10.1113/jphysiol.1972.sp009791PMC PMC1331420
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Abstract

1. Nerve impulses were recorded from afferents from non‐contracting spindles from the isolated extensor longus dig. IV muscle of the frog during small sinusoidal changes in muscle length at frequencies from 0·001 to 100 Hz. A computer of average transients was used to average the spike distribution during a number of cycles, and hence to determine the spindle response in impulses/sec at different phases of the cycle. 2. At any one frequency the response could be described by a sinusoid, whose amplitude was approximately proportional to the amplitude of the stretch and whose phase was approximately constant, together with a non‐linearity dependent principally upon non‐linearities in the static response. 3. The frequency response was estimated from the sinusoid responses. In conventional terms, it consisted of a straight line of positive slope below 2 Hz and a maximum between 7 and 16 Hz. 4. The slope of the frequency response was dependent on the mean length of the preparation, typically varying from zero to about 0·5 (3 db/octave) over the physiological range of the passive muscle. The shape of the peak appeared to depend on the mean firing frequency. 5. The responses to ramp stretches of one second duration and up to 2 mm in amplitude were also measured. Responses predicted from the sinusoid measurements were the same shape as the measured responses, but were larger by a factor of about 1·4. 6. The shapes of both the frequency responses and the responses to ramps were hardly affected by an operation that removed most of the polar parts of the spindles. 7. The results are discussed in terms of internal spindle mechanisms.

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Crossref · 10.1113/jphysiol.1972.sp009791

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Authors
Kirkwood, P. A.
Corresponding author
Kirkwood, P. A.
ORCID
Kirkwood, P. A.
Venue
The Journal of Physiology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1972-04
Volume
222
Issue
1
Pages
135-160
ISSN
  • 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-7793
DOI
10.1113/jphysiol.1972.sp009791
PMC
PMC1331420
OpenAlex
W2041297731
Cited by
63
References
27
Citations by year
2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
FWCI
7.86
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
Keywords
muscle spindles, frequency response, stretch reflex, afferent nerve impulses, firing rate, frogs
MeSH terms
Action Potentials, Animals, Anura, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Models, Biological, Muscles, Muscle Spindles, Neurons, Afferent, Neurophysiology, Periodicity, Rana esculenta, Rana pipiens, Rana temporaria, Viscosity, In Vitro Techniques

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