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Cited by 391

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 124 of the 124 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

AMPK alterations in cardiac physiology and pathology: enemy or ally?

Open access
Dyck, Jason R. B., Lopaschuk, Gary D.·2006·The Journal of Physiology
DOI 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.109389
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Abstract

AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) has emerged as a key regulator of energy metabolism in the heart. The high energy demands of the heart are primarily met by the metabolism of both fatty acids and glucose, both processes being regulated by AMPK. During myocardial ischaemia a rapid activation of AMPK occurs, resulting in an activation of both glucose uptake and glycolysis, as well as an increase in fatty acid oxidation. This activation of AMPK has the potential to increase energy production and to inhibit apoptosis, thereby protecting the heart during the ischaemic stress. However, at clinically relevant high levels of fatty acids, ischaemic‐induced activation of AMPK also stimulates fatty acid oxidation during and following ischaemia. This can contribute to ischaemic injury secondary to an inhibition of glucose oxidation, which results in a decrease in cardiac efficiency. In a number of other non‐cardiac tissues, AMPK has been shown to have pro‐apoptotic effects. As a result, the question of whether AMPK activation benefits or harms the ischaemic heart remains controversial. The role of AMPK in cardiac hypertrophy is also controversial. Activation of AMPK inhibits protein synthesis, and may be an adaptive response to pathological cardiac hypertrophy. However, none of mouse models of AMPK deficiency (excluding those that may involve the γ 2 subunit mutations) demonstrate increased cardiac mass, suggesting that AMPK is not essential for restriction of cardiac growth. In addition to the potential effects of AMPK on myofibrillar hypertrophy associated with pressure overload, there is also controversy with respect to the cardiac hypertrophy associated with the γ 2 subunit mutations. In the cardiac hypertrophy associated with glycogen overload, both activating and inactivating mutations of AMPK in mice are associated with a marked cardiac hypertrophy. This review will address the issue of whether AMPK activation acts as an enemy or ally to the ischaemic and hypertrophied heart. Resolving this issue has important implications as to whether therapeutic approaches to protect the ischaemic heart should be developed which either activate or inhibit AMPK.

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Metadata

Authors
Dyck, J. R. B., & Lopaschuk, G. D.
Venue
The Journal of Physiology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2006-06-19
Volume
574
Issue
1
Pages
95-112
ISSN
  • 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-7793
DOI
10.1113/jphysiol.2006.109389
OpenAlex
W2153087095
Cited by
391
References
124
FWCI
10.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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