Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase inhibits protein synthesis associated with hypertrophy in the cardiac myocyte
Open accessAbstract
A necessary mediator of cardiac myocyte enlargement is protein synthesis, which is controlled at the levels of both translation initiation and elongation. Eukaryotic elongation factor-2 (eEF2) mediates the translocation step of peptide-chain elongation and is inhibited through phosphorylation by eEF2 kinase. In addition, p70S6 kinase can regulate protein synthesis by phosphorylating eEF2 kinase or via phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6. We have recently shown that eEF2 kinase is also controlled by phosphorylation by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key regulator of cellular energy homeostasis. Moreover, the mammalian target of rapamycin has also been shown to be inhibited, indirectly, by AMPK, thus leading to the inhibition of p70S6 kinase. Although AMPK activation has been shown to modulate protein synthesis, it is unknown whether AMPK could also be a regulator of cardiac hypertrophic growth. Therefore, we investigated the role of AMPK activation in regulating protein synthesis during both phenylephrine- and Akt-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Metformin and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-beta-D-ribofuranoside were used to activate AMPK in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Activation of AMPK significantly decreased protein synthesis induced by phenylephrine treatment or by expression of constitutively active Akt. Activation of AMPK also resulted in decreased p70S6 kinase phosphorylation and increased phosphorylation of eEF2, suggesting that inhibition of protein synthesis involves the eEF2 kinase/eEF2 axis and/or the p70S6 kinase pathway. Together, our data suggest that the inhibition of protein synthesis by pharmacological activation of AMPK may be a key regulatory mechanism by which hypertrophic growth can be controlled.
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Loss of AMPK activity is pro-hypertrophic because lines of molecular signaling pathways that control cell growth are attenuated by AMPK activation.
“The loss of AMPK activity is believed to be pro-hypertrophic because lines of molecular signaling pathways that control cell growth are attenuated by AMPK activation [197,198,199].”
From AMPK, Mitochondrial Function, and Cardiovascular Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [198]
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- Authors
- Chan, A. Y. M., Soltys, C.-L. M., Young, M. E., Proud, C. G., & Dyck, J. R. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases (US)
- University of Dundee (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Dyck, Jason R.B.
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-07
- Volume
- 279
- Issue
- 31
- Pages
- 32771-32779
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2087766892
- Cited by
- 331
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 5.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Signaling Pathways in Disease
- Keywords
- AMPK, cardiac hypertrophy, protein synthesis, elongation factor 2, eEF2 kinase, p70 S6 kinase, ribosomal protein S6, translation elongation, Akt, phenylephrine, metformin, AICAR, cardiomyocytes, energy homeostasis
- MeSH terms
- Aminoimidazole Carboxamide, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Antibiotics, Antineoplastic, Cells, Cultured, Enzyme Activation, Hypertrophy, Hypoglycemic Agents, Luminescent Proteins, Metformin, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multienzyme Complexes, Phenylephrine, Phosphorylation, Ribonucleotides, Ribose, Time Factors, Immunoblotting, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases, Sirolimus, Myocytes, Cardiac, Ribosomal Protein S6, Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Rats, Elongation Factor 2 Kinase, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
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