The psychological consequences of money

Vohs, Kathleen D.; Mead, Nicole L.; Goode, Miranda R.

doi:10.1126/science.1132491

Cited by 1,337Death Anxiety and Social ExclusionExperimental Behavioral Economics StudiesDecision-Making and Behavioral Economics

The psychological consequences of money

Vohs, Kathleen D., Mead, Nicole L., Goode, Miranda R.·2006·Science

DOI 10.1126/science.1132491

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Abstract

Money has been said to change people's motivation (mainly for the better) and their behavior toward others (mainly for the worse). The results of nine experiments suggest that money brings about a self-sufficient orientation in which people prefer to be free of dependency and dependents. Reminders of money, relative to nonmoney reminders, led to reduced requests for help and reduced helpfulness toward others. Relative to participants primed with neutral concepts, participants primed with money preferred to play alone, work alone, and put more physical distance between themselves and a new acquaintance.

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Money has strong social connotations and exerts substantial impact on pro-social behavior.
“However, money has strong social connotations and, thus, exerts substantial impact on pro-social behavior (Vohs et al., 2006).”
From Differentiating neural reward responsiveness in autism versus ADHD (2014) · cites this paper as Vohs et al., 2006
Money is imbued with social connotations and exerts a substantial influence on pro-social behavior.
“Importantly, however, although monetary reinforcers have predominantly been operationalized and used as non-social stimuli, money is imbued with social connotations and exerts a substantial influence on pro-social behavior [64-66].”
From Social “wanting” dysfunction in autism: neurobiological underpinnings and treatment implications (2012) · cites this paper as [64]

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CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE Merely Activating the Concept of Money Changes Personal and Interpersonal Behavior
Vohs, K. D., Mead, N. L., & Goode, A. R. (2009)
Self-citation
Merely Activating the Concept of Money Changes Personal and Interpersonal Behavior
Vohs, K. D., Mead, N. L., & Goode, M. (2008) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00576.x · Cited by 366 · see citing works
Self-citation
Individual Differences in the Social Psychology of Money
Tate, J. A. (2009) · California State University ScholarWorks (system-wide DSpace)
Money: An Integrated Review and Synthesis From a Psychological Perspective
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Article For My Own Benefit or for the Benefit of Others: Reminders of Money Moderate the Effects of Self-Related Versus Other-Related Persuasive Arguments
Reutner, L. (2016)

Authors: Vohs, K. D., Mead, N. L., & Goode, M. R.
Affiliations: Florida State University (US)
Corresponding author: Vohs, Kathleen D.
ORCID: Vohs, Kathleen D.
Mead, Nicole L.
Goode, Miranda R.
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 2006-11-17
Volume: 314
Issue: 5802
Pages: 1154-1156
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.1132491
OpenAlex: W1965689506
Cited by: 1,337
References: 8
Citations by year: 2026: 41 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 67 · 2021: 82 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 107 · 2018: 89 · 2017: 89 · 2016: 110 · 2015: 83 · 2014: 90 · 2013: 73 · 2012: 73
FWCI: 40.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
Social Sciences › Safety Research › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
Keywords: money, self-sufficiency, dependency, social distance, priming, motivation, social behavior
MeSH terms: Behavior, Economics, Humans, Individuation, Interpersonal Relations, Motivation, Psychological Tests

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The psychological consequences of money

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