Differential effects of social and non-social reward on response inhibition in children and adolescents.
Abstract
An important issue in the field of clinical and developmental psychopathology is whether cognitive control processes, such as response inhibition, can be specifically enhanced by motivation. To determine whether non-social (i.e. monetary) and social (i.e. positive facial expressions) rewards are able to differentially improve response inhibition accuracy in typically developing children and adolescents, an 'incentive' go/no-go task was applied with reward contingencies for successful inhibition. In addition, the impact of children's personality traits (such as reward seeking and empathy) on monetary and social reward responsiveness was assessed in 65 boys, ages 8 to 12 years. All subjects were tested twice: At baseline, inhibitory control was assessed without reward, and then subjects were pseudorandomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions, including (1) social reward only, (2) monetary reward only, (3) mixed social and monetary reward, or (4) a retest condition without reward. Both social and non-social reward significantly improved task performance, although larger effects were observed for monetary reward. The higher the children scored on reward seeking scales, the larger was their improvement in response inhibition, but only if monetary reward was used. In addition, there was a tendency for an association between empathic skills and benefits from social reward. These data suggest that social incentives do not have an equally strong reinforcing value as compared to financial incentives. However, different personality traits seem to determine to what extent a child profits from different types of reward. Clinical implications regarding probable hyposensitivity to social reward in subjects with autism and dysregulated reward-seeking behaviour in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are discussed.
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Recent studies showed that inhibitory control in adolescents may be improved considerably by motivational factors, such as performance-related rewards.
“Given that recent studies showed that inhibitory control in adolescents may be improved considerably by motivational factors, such as performance-related rewards (Kohls et al., 2009; Geier et al., 2010)”
From Executive control training from middle childhood to adolescence (2014) · cites this paper as Kohls et al., 2009
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- Authors
- Kohls, G., Peltzer, J., Herpertz‐Dahlmann, B., & Konrad, K.
- Affiliations
- RWTH Aachen University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Kohls, Gregor
- Venue
- Developmental Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-06-08
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 614-625
- ISSN
- 1363-755X (ISSN-L)
- 1467-7687
- OpenAlex
- W2155110030
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 5.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Developmental Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- response inhibition, social reward, monetary rewards, cognitive control, reward seeking, empathy, personality traits, children, adolescents, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Child Development, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Motivation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reward, Social Behavior, Task Performance and Analysis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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