Cited by 1,450Advanced Frequency and Time StandardsScientific Measurement and Uncertainty EvaluationAtomic and Subatomic Physics Research

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Frequency Ratio of Al+and Hg+Single-Ion Optical Clocks; Metrology at the 17th Decimal Place

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Rosenband, T., Hume, D. B., Schmidt, P. O., Chou, C. W., Brusch, A., Lorini, L., Oskay, W. H., Drullinger, R. E., Fortier, T. M., Stalnaker, J. E., Diddams, S. A., Swann, W. C., Newbury, N. R., Itano, W. M., Wineland, D. J., Bergquist, J. C.·2008·Science

DOI 10.1126/science.1154622

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Abstract

Time has always had a special status in physics because of its fundamental role in specifying the regularities of nature and because of the extraordinary precision with which it can be measured. This precision enables tests of fundamental physics and cosmology, as well as practical applications such as satellite navigation. Recently, a regime of operation for atomic clocks based on optical transitions has become possible, promising even higher performance. We report the frequency ratio of two optical atomic clocks with a fractional uncertainty of 5.2 × 10–17. The ratio of aluminum and mercury single-ion optical clock frequencies ν Al+/ν Hg+is 1.052871833148990438(55), where the uncertainty comprises a statistical measurement uncertainty of 4.3 × 10–17, and systematic uncertainties of 1.9 × 10–17 and 2.3 × 10–17 in the mercury and aluminum frequency standards, respectively. Repeated measurements during the past year yield a preliminary constraint on the temporal variation of the fine-structure constant α of\batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \({\dot{{\alpha}}}{/}{\alpha}=(-1.6{\pm}2.3){\times}10^{-17}{/}\mathrm{year}\) \end{document}.

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“ven by a fundamental scalar ﬁeld) is the Hubble t ime. We would therefore expect a drift rate of the order of 10−10 yr−1. However, current local bounds coming from atomic clock comparison experiments [1], are already about 6 orders of magnitude stronger, and rule out otherwise viable dynamical dark energy models. Rece…”
Background
Combining GPS and VLBI for inter-continental frequency transfer
Hobiger, T., Rieck, C., Haas, R., & Koyama, Y. (2015) · Metrologia · doi:10.1088/0026-1394/52/2/251 · Cited by 12
Blackbody-radiation Zeeman shifts in optical clocks: The role of fine-structure intramanifold resonances
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Enhancing Gaussian quantum metrology with position-momentum correlations
Porto, J. C. P., Marinho, L. S., Dieguez, P. R., da Paz, I. G., & Vieira, C. H. S. (2024) · Physica Scripta · doi:10.1088/1402-4896/ad9a18 · Cited by 10
Searching for coupled, hyperlight scalars across cosmic history
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Frequency uncertainty estimation for the40CaH+vibrational transition frequencies observed by Raman excitation
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Resolving all-order method convergence problems for atomic physics applications
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Constraining massless dilaton theory at Solar system scales with the planetary ephemeris INPOP
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Compact, Ti:sapphire-based, methane-stabilized optical molecular frequency comb and clock
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Optically induced structural phase transitions in ion Coulomb crystals
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Stable transfer of an optical frequency standard via a 46 km optical fiber
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An optical beam frequency reference with 10−14 range frequency instability
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Testing spatial α-variation with optical atomic clocks based on highly charged ions
Berengut, J. C., Flambaum, V. V., & Ong, A. (2013) · EPJ Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/epjconf/20135702001 · Cited by 10
The Quantum Hourglass: approaching time measurement with quantum information theory
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Cosmological and astrophysical constraints on tachyon dark energy models
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Attosecond-Resolution Er:Fiber-Based Optical Frequency Comb
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“The atomic clock measurements at time scales of the order of one year restrict the temporal rate of change in α at the level of α̇/α < 10−17 yr−1 (Godun et al. 2014; Leefer et al. 2013; Rosenband et al. 2008).”
Background
The Effect of Relativistic Interactions on the Spectral Characteristics of the Ground State of Carbon Monoxide
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“III (hereafter noted ‘Current’) and a second one removing the MICROSCOPE prior and replacing our atomic-clock likelihood by the one used in [17] and originally obtained in [36] (hereafter noted ‘Alves’).”
Method
Ideal multipole ion traps from planar ring electrodes
Clark, R. (2013) · Applied Physics B · doi:10.1007/s00340-013-5451-0 · Cited by 11
Generation of high-frequency combs locked to atomic resonances by quantum phase modulation
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Quantum Information Processing with Trapped Ions
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Precision spectroscopy with 40 Ca + ions in a Paul trap
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Precise Radio Frequency Dissemination via Simulated 3000-km Fiber Re-Circulating Loop
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“The optical clock [1], measurement of the basic physics constant [2], and the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) [3] resulted in higher requirements for frequency precision.”
Background

Authors: Rosenband, T., Hume, D. B., Schmidt, P. O., Chou, C. W., Brusch, A., Lorini, L., Oskay, W. H., Drullinger, R. E., Fortier, T. M., Stalnaker, J. E., Diddams, S. A., Swann, W. C., Newbury, N. R., Itano, W. M., Wineland, D. J., & Bergquist, J. C.
Affiliations: National Institute of Standards and Technology (US)
Corresponding author: Rosenband, T.
Schmidt, P. O.
Lorini, L.
Oskay, W. H.
Stalnaker, J. E.
ORCID: Rosenband, T.
Hume, D. B.
Schmidt, P. O.
Chou, C. W.
Brusch, A.
Lorini, L.
Fortier, T. M.
Stalnaker, J. E.
Diddams, S. A.
Newbury, N. R.
Wineland, D. J.
Bergquist, J. C.
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 2008-03-28
Volume: 319
Issue: 5871
Pages: 1808-1812
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.1154622
OpenAlex: W1997269293
Cited by: 1,450
References: 31
Citations by year: 2026: 27 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 78 · 2018: 65 · 2017: 76 · 2016: 85 · 2015: 96 · 2014: 129 · 2013: 99 · 2012: 99
FWCI: 73.95
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (IRIS Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Advanced Frequency and Time Standards
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
Keywords: optical atomic clocks, aluminum ions, mercury ions, frequency ratio, frequency metrology, fine-structure constant variation, systematic uncertainties

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Frequency Ratio of Al+and Hg+Single-Ion Optical Clocks; Metrology at the 17th Decimal Place

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