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Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 pseudovirus by BNT162b2 vaccine–elicited human sera
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Abstract
Vaccine protects against B1.1.7 variant: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) B1.1.7 (VOC 202012/01) variant that emerged in late 2020 in the United Kingdom has many changes in the spike protein gene. Three of these are associated with enhanced infectivity and transmissibility, and there are concerns that B.1.1.7 might compromise the effectiveness of the vaccine. Muik et al. compared the neutralization efficacy of sera from 40 subjects immunized with the BioNTech-Pfizer mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 against a pseudovirus bearing the Wuhan reference strain or the lineage B.1.1.7 spike protein (see the Perspective by Altmann et al. ). Serum was derived from 40 subjects in two age groups 21 days after the booster shot. The vaccine remained effective against B.1.1.7 with a slight but significant decrease in neutralization that was more apparent in participants under 55 years of age. Thus, the vaccine provides a significant “cushion” of protection against this variant. Science , this issue p. 1152 ; see also p. 1103
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“Together with recent reports of the preserved neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 with key S mutations found in the B.1.1.7 and the B.1.351lineage 39,40 , and neutralization of pseudovirus bearing the full set of mutations of B.1.1.7 S 41 , our data indicate broad BNT162b2-elicited immune recognition 2,13,14 .”
From BNT162b2 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies and poly-specific T cells in humans (2021) · cites this paper as [39]
In the citing paper
“Neutralizing activity of the two mRNA vaccines against the B.1.351 variant has also been observed to be lower, by a factor of 8.6 (mRNA-1273 vaccine [Moderna]) or 6.5 (BNT-162b2 vaccine [Pfizer]) on pseudovirus neutralization assay, than activity against the D614G virus, whereas no difference was evident against the N510Y.V1 (B.1.1.7)–like mutant.19,28,29”
From Efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Covid-19 Vaccine against the B.1.351 Variant (2021) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“As for the ramifications of our findings for the protective efficacy of current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, the neutralizing activity of sera from vaccinated individuals against B.1.1.7 is largely intact and no adverse effects on current vaccines are expected (Fig. 4c), consistent with conclusions that were reached by other studies 34,40,41 .”
From Antibody resistance of SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.351 and B.1.1.7 (2021) · cites this paper as [41]
In the citing paper
“In general, the impact of B.1.1.7 mutations on neutralizing antibody titers is moderate.15, 16, 17, 18,20,24”
From Impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on the total CD4+ and CD8+ T cell reactivity in infected or vaccinated individuals (2021) · cites this paper as [17]
In the citing paper
“Our finding that entry driven by the S protein of the B.1.1.7 variant can be efficiently inhibited by antibodies induced upon infection and vaccination is in agreement with those of Muik and colleagues, who reported that pseudoparticles bearing the B.1.1.7 S protein are efficiently neutralized by sera from BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals (Muik et al., 2021).”
From SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.351 and P.1 escape from neutralizing antibodies (2021) · cites this paper as Muik et al., 2021
In the citing paper
“The Pfizer Cominarty (also termed BNT162b2) vaccine-elicited human sera neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 pseudovirus, with slightly reduced titers in some vaccinees, when compared to the Wuhan reference strain 26,27 .”
From Sensitivity of infectious SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants to neutralizing antibodies (2021) · cites this paper as [26]
In the citing paper
“and to elicit strong antibody responses, effectively neutralizing the parental strain as well as diverse SARS-CoV-2 VOCs (13–15).”
From Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron by BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine–elicited human sera (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“The neutralization activity of sera collected from both mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccinated individuals was largely preserved against the B.1.1.7 variant relative to prior variants.”
From The dawn of mRNA vaccines: the COVID-19 case (2021) · cites this paper as [77]
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Citations
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“The variants of concern (VOC’s) with the enhanced transmissibility and infec-88 tivity profile include D614G variant [19-21], B.1.1.7 (alpha) [22,23] B.1.351 (beta) [24,25], B.1.1.28/P.1 (gamma) [26], B.1.1.427/B.1.429 (epsilon) variant [27,28], and the recent Omicron variants (B.1.1.529, BA.1,…”
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Vaccine development and technology for SARS‐CoV‐2: Current insight
Cattel, L., Giordano, S., Traina, S., Lupia, T., Corcione, S., Angelone, L., Valle, G. L., Rosa, F. G. D., & Cattel, F. (2021) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.27425 · Cited by 7
“The efficacy of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine against the SARS‐ CoV‐2 alpha variant was compared to its efficacy against the Wuhan reference strain in a preliminary study.(62) The data showed a slightly reduced neutralization susceptibility of the BNT162b2 vaccine.”
MethodNoor, R. (2022) · SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine · doi:10.1007/s42399-022-01168-3 · Cited by 9
García‐Vega, M., Melgoza-González, E. A., Hernández‐Valenzuela, S., Hinojosa‐Trujillo, D., Reséndiz‐Sandoval, M., Llamas-Covarrubias, M. A., Loza-López, M., Valenzuela, O., Soto‐Gaxiola, A., Hernández‐Oñate, M. Á., et al. (2023) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.106562 · Cited by 9
“Most vaccines elicit antibody responses with decreased neutralizing activity against Omicron and other variants, and two or three boosters are needed to increase the neutralizing response.(9,10) Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represent an important therapeutic option that provides clinical benefit in mild to moderate CO…”
Provisional recommendations for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis
Scarpato, S., Sebastiani, M., Quartuccio, L., Marson, P., Fraticelli, P., Castelnovo, L., Visentini, M., Candela, M., Mazzaro, C., Saccardo, F., et al. (2021) · Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology · doi:10.55563/clinexprheumatol/2v6v5j · Cited by 8
“7 lineage will escape to the Comirnaty-mediated protection (22).”
BackgroundYang, Y. P., Zang, J., Xu, S., Zhang, X., Yuan, S., Wang, H., Lavillette, D., Zhang, C., & Huang, Z. W. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13081421 · Cited by 8
Malaria vaccine approaches leveraging technologies optimized in the COVID-19 era
Kanoi, B. N., Maina, M., Likhovole, C., Kobia, F., & Gitaka, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Tropical Diseases · doi:10.3389/fitd.2022.988665 · Cited by 11
Zhang, D., Kukkar, D., Kim, K., & Bhatt, P. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129284 · Cited by 6
Muik, A., Quandt, J., Lui, B. G., Bacher, M., Lutz, S., Grünenthal, M., Toker, A., Grosser, J., Ozhelvaci, O., Blokhina, O., et al. (2024) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114567 · Cited by 10
Self-citationTo, A., Wong, T. A. S., Lieberman, M. M., Thompson, K. S., Ball, A. H., Pessaint, L., Greenhouse, J. J., Daham, N., Cook, A., Narvaez, B., et al. (2022) · ACS Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00600 · Cited by 8
Bonura, F., Genovese, D., Amodio, E., Calamusa, G., Sanfilippo, G. L., Cacioppo, F., Giammanco, A., Grazia, S. D., & Ferraro, D. (2022) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10060874 · Cited by 8
“[41] on a group of two-dose vaccinees, evidenced slight but statistically significantly reduced NtAb titers against the Alpha variant compared with the B.”
ResultZhang, L., Chen, H., Yang, S. L., Zhao, Y., Shen, X. Y., He, X., Ye, H., Wang, D., Lou, J., Wang, Y., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.990071 · Cited by 8
Jia, Y., Niu, S., Hu, Y., Chai, Y., Zheng, A., Su, C., Wu, L., Han, P., Han, P., Lu, D., et al. (2022) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111831 · Cited by 8
Osuna‐Martínez, U., Aviña‐Padilla, K., Olimón-Andalón, V., Angulo‐Rojo, C., Guadrón‐Llanos, A. M., Rivas-Ferreira, J. C., Urrea, F., & Calderón-Zamora, L. (2022) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes13122412 · Cited by 8
“Even with the development of vaccines and their worldwide distribution, it is noteworthy that we must consider the constant interaction with new and possibly more infectious variants [14,16,17].”
Kuzmina, A., Korovin, D., Cohen-Lass, I., Atari, N., Ottolenghi, A., Hu, P., Mandelboim, M., Rosental, B., Rosenberg, E., Diaz‐Griffero, F., et al. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16750 · Cited by 8
Zhao, S., Ran, J., & Han, L. (2021) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.21-0412 · Cited by 7
Chamie-Quintero, J. J., Hibberd, J. A., & Scheim, D. E. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3765018 · Cited by 8
Clark, J. J., Sharma, P., Bentley, E. G., Harding, A. C., Kipar, A., Neary, M., Box, H., Hughes, G. L., Patterson, E. I., Sharp, J., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.03.10.434447 · Cited by 7
Ranjan, P., Neha, N., Devi, C., & Das, P. K. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.04.03.438113 · Cited by 8
Smet, D. D., Vanhee, M., Maes, B., Swaerts, K., Jaeger, P. D., Maelegheer, K., Hoecke, F. V., & Martens, G. A. (2021) · American Journal of Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1093/ajcp/aqab186 · Cited by 6
Deb, P., Molla, M. M. A., Saif‐Ur‐Rahman, K., Das, M. C., & Das, D. (2021) · Egyptian Journal of Bronchology · doi:10.1186/s43168-021-00090-x · Cited by 7
Relimpio, A. Y., Fink, A., Bui, D. T., et al. (2023) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.3c08323 · Cited by 7
Genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 reveals the prevalence of variant B 1.1.7 in Egypt
Seadawy, M. G., Gad, A. F., Abo-Elmaaty, S. A., & Hassan, M. G. (2021) · Infection Genetics and Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105191 · Cited by 7
Nucleic Acid-Based COVID-19 Therapy Targeting Cytokine Storms: Strategies to Quell the Storm
Abusalah, M. A. H., Khalifa, M., Al-Hatamleh, M. A. I., Jarrar, M., Mohamud, R., & Yean, C. Y. (2022) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm12030386 · Cited by 6
Zhang, M., Gong, Y., & Jiao, S. (2022) · Future Virology · doi:10.2217/fvl-2021-0100 · Cited by 7
Ranjan, P., Neha, N., Devi, C., Devar, K. A., & Das, P. K. (2022) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105619 · Cited by 6
“The UK variant of B.1.1.7 lineage has 8 mutations in S protein that seems to be remaining susceptible for RNA-based COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 [39].”
BackgroundInfluentialLee, M., Chien, Y., Teng, P., et al. (2022) · Advanced Materials Technologies · doi:10.1002/admt.202200387 · Cited by 7
Structural basis and analysis of hamster ACE2 binding to different SARS-CoV-2 spike RBDs
Niu, S., Zhao, Z., Liu, Z., Rong, X., Chai, Y., Bai, B., Han, P., Shang, G., Ren, J., Wang, Y., et al. (2024) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01157-23 · Cited by 7
Ruiz-Rodríguez, P., Francés-Gómez, C., Chiner‐Oms, Á., López, M. G., Jiménez-Serrano, S., Cancino‐Muñoz, I., Ruiz-Hueso, P., Torres‐Puente, M., Bracho, M. A., D’Auria, G., et al. (2021) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.02315-21 · Cited by 8
Martín-Galiano, A. J., Díez‐Fuertes, F., McConnell, M. J., & López, D. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.732693 · Cited by 7
“It has been shown that humoral protection is retained by distinct vaccines against emerging viral lineages (3) (4) (5).”
BackgroundThe Trade-off Between Prioritization and Vaccination Speed Depends on Mitigation Measures
Agarwal, N., Komo, A., Patel, C., Pathak, P. A., & Ünver, M. U. (2021) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w28519 · Cited by 7
Sharma, S., Vercruysse, T., Sánchez-Felipe, L., Kerstens, W., Rasulova, M., Abdelnabi, R., Foo, C. S.-Y., Lemmens, V., Looveren, D. V., Maes, P., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.11.12.468374 · Cited by 7
“Subsequent emergence of E484K within this lineage 74 hampers the activity of nAb suggestive for immune escape (7-9).”
BackgroundJu, B., Zheng, Q., Guo, H., Fan, Q., Li, T., Song, S., Sun, H., Shen, S., Zhou, X., Cheng, L., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.01.19.476892 · Cited by 7
Bozkus, C. C., Brown, M., Velazquez, L. G., Thomas, M., Wilson, E. A., O’Donnell, T. J., Kaminska, A., Ruchnewitz, D., Geertz, D., Bykov, Y., et al. (2025) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.113044 · Cited by 9
“Antibody recognition of ancestral and Alpha (B.1.1.7) strain RBD was comparable across all time points tested, while there was a reduction in the recognition of Beta (B.1.351) and Gamma (P.1) RBD (Figure 2A), consistent with other studies showing limited antigenic change with Alpha 36 and reduced viral neutralization…”
InfluentialVesper, N., Ortiz, Y. M., Bartels-Burgahn, F., Yang, J., de la Rosa, K., Tenbusch, M., Schulz, S. R., Finzel, S., Jäck, H., Eibel, H., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.730766 · Cited by 6
“This is in line with a study showing that the protective antibody respose of mRNA vaccinated person is sufficient but lower in the case of the alpha mutant (29).”
ResultPatel, N., Bouchard, J. L., Oliver, M. B., Badowski, M. E., Carreno, J. J., & the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (2021) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1002/phar.2622 · Cited by 5
COVID-19 Vaccination: The Mainspring of Challenges and the Seed of Remonstrance
Najjar, H., Al-Jighefee, H. T., Qush, A., Ahmed, M. N., Awwad, S., & Kamareddine, L. (2021) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines9121474 · Cited by 6
Amato, L., Candeloro, L., Girolamo, A. D., Savini, L., Puglia, I., Marcacci, M., Caporale, M., Mangone, I., Cammà, C., Conte, A., et al. (2022) · Epidemics · doi:10.1016/j.epidem.2022.100578 · Cited by 6
“Nevertheless, immunity from previous infections was overall secured towards Alpha VOC, as secured was the protection against the disease provided by the vaccination (Muik et al., 2021; World Health Organization WHO, 2021b).”
Kobayashi, T., & Nishiura, H. (2022) · Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering · doi:10.3934/mbe.2022350 · Cited by 6
Third booster vaccination and stopping the Omicron, a new variant of concern
Ghazvini, K., Karbalaei, M., & Keikha, M. (2022) · Vacunas · doi:10.1016/j.vacun.2022.05.005 · Cited by 6
Will Peptides Help to Stop COVID-19?
Krut’, V. G., Chuvpilo, S. A., Astrakhantseva, I. V., Kozlovskaya, L. I., Efimov, G. A., Kruglov, A., Drutskaya, M. S., & Nedospasov, S. A. (2022) · Biochemistry (Moscow) · doi:10.1134/s0006297922070021 · Cited by 7
Zhang, T., Zheng, N., Wang, Z., & Xu, X. (2023) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/21645515.2023.2174755 · Cited by 6
“However, during the epidemic period, the virus has undergone multiple mutations, resulting in a decline in the effectiveness of the vaccines initially developed.(1,2) It is expected that new waves of transmission may still occur in the future as new variants of SARS-CoV-2 continuously emerge.”
BackgroundMethodMoscato, G. A., Mazzetti, P., Lucenteforte, E., Rosellini, A., Cara, A., Quaranta, P., Mainardi, V., Villa, P., Focosi, D., Lanza, M., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Virology Plus · doi:10.1016/j.jcvp.2021.100016 · Cited by 6
Zoonotic and anthropozoonotic potential of COVID-19 and its implications for public health
El-Sayed, A., Abdel‐Daim, M. M., & Kamel, M. S. (2021) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-021-16415-8 · Cited by 6
“In addition, this mutation is characterized by its higher spread rate and ability to escape from vaccinal protection (Iacobucci 2021, Muik et al. 2021, Supasa et al. 2021).”
BackgroundSun, Z., Kim, A., Sobolewski, M. D., Enick, N., Chen, C., Adams, C., Jacobs, J. L., McCormick, K. D., Mellors, J. W., Dimitrov, D. S., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.03.22.436481 · Cited by 6
Vaccination shapes evolutionary trajectories of SARS-CoV-2Preprint
Meijers, M., Ruchnewitz, D., Łuksza, M., & Lässig, M. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.07.19.500637 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Muik, A., Wallisch, A.-K., Sänger, B., Swanson, K. A., Mühl, J., Chen, W., Cai, H., Maurus, D., Sarkar, R., Türeci, Ö., Dormitzer, P. R., & Şahin, U.
- Affiliations
- BioNTech (Germany) (DE)
- Pfizer (United States) (US)
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Şahin, Uğur
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2021-03-12
- Volume
- 371
- Issue
- 6534
- Pages
- 1152-1153
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC7971771
- OpenAlex
- W3123108673
- Semantic Scholar
- a28b6633cf65c49f1251702b8e3e3c1b85e19236
- Cited by
- 515
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 152 · 2021: 298
- FWCI
- 39.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Pfizer
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, B.1.1.7 lineage, BNT162b2, mRNA vaccines, neutralizing antibodies, spike protein mutations, vaccine escape, pseudovirus neutralization
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, BNT162 Vaccine, Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Viral, China, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neutralization Tests, Young Adult, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
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