The macrophage transcription factor PU.1 directs tissue-specific expression of the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor
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The macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) receptor is expressed in a tissue-specific fashion from two distinct promoters in monocytes/macrophages and the placenta. In order to further understand the transcription factors which play a role in the commitment of multipotential progenitors to the monocyte/macrophage lineage, we have initiated an investigation of the factors which activate the M-CSF receptor very early during the monocyte differentiation process. Here we demonstrate that the human monocytic M-CSF receptor promoter directs reporter gene activity in a tissue-specific fashion. Since one of the few transcription factors which have been implicated in the regulation of monocyte genes is the macrophage- and B-cell-specific PU.1 transcription factor, we investigated whether PU.1 binds and activates the M-CSF receptor promoter. Here we demonstrate that both in vitro-translated PU.1 and PU.1 from nuclear extracts bind to a specific site in the M-CSF receptor promoter just upstream from the major transcription initiation site. Mutations in this site which eliminate PU.1 binding decrease M-CSF receptor promoter activity significantly in macrophage cell lines only. Furthermore, PU.1 transactivates the M-CSF receptor promoter in nonmacrophage cells. These results suggest that PU.1 plays a major role in macrophage gene regulation and development by directing the expression of a receptor for a key macrophage growth factor.
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Disrupting any of the three binding sites for PU.1, C/EBPα, or AML1 lowers M-CSF receptor promoter activity markedly in transient assays.
“demonstrated that mutations in any of the three DNA-binding sites decreases promoter activity significantly in transient transfection studies (77)(78)(79).”
From Multiple Functional Domains of AML1: PU.1 and C/EBPα Synergize with Different Regions of AML1 (1998) · cites this paper as [78]
PU.1, C/EBPα, and AML1 are needed for transcription of the M-CSF receptor in monocytic cell lines.
“We have previously identified three factors required for M-CSF receptor transcription in monocytic cell lines, PU.1, C/EBP␣ (CCAAT/enhancerbinding protein alpha), and AML1”
From Multiple Functional Domains of AML1: PU.1 and C/EBPα Synergize with Different Regions of AML1 (1998) · cites this paper as [78]
When paired with AML1B, C/EBPα raises M-CSF receptor promoter activity by about 90-fold on average.
“it synergizes with AML1B to increase the activity of the promoter an average of 90-fold (78,79).”
From Multiple Functional Domains of AML1: PU.1 and C/EBPα Synergize with Different Regions of AML1 (1998) · cites this paper as [78]
C/EBPα has little transactivation potential alone on the M-CSF receptor promoter.
“although C/EBP␣ has little transactivation potential alone”
From Multiple Functional Domains of AML1: PU.1 and C/EBPα Synergize with Different Regions of AML1 (1998) · cites this paper as [78]
PU.1 transactivates the M-CSF receptor promoter.
“In addition, PU.1 transactivates the M-CSF receptor promoter”
From Multiple Functional Domains of AML1: PU.1 and C/EBPα Synergize with Different Regions of AML1 (1998) · cites this paper as [78]
GATA proteins suppress PU.1-induced activation of the M-CSF receptor promoter (−416 to +124 bp).
“Suppression of PU.1-induced activation also was observed with the M-CSF receptor promoter (−416 to +124 bp) (Fig. 3b), which has been shown previously to be regulated by PU.1 (37).”
From Negative cross-talk between hematopoietic regulators: GATA proteins repress PU.1 (1999) · cites this paper as [37]
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The transcription factor PU.1 is critical for viability and function of human brain microglia
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- Authors
- Zhang, D.-E., Hetherington, C. J., Chen, H.-M., & Tenen, D. G.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Molecular and Cellular Biology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1994-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 373-381
- ISSN
- 0270-7306 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5549
- PMC
- PMC358386
- OpenAlex
- W2122968144
- Cited by
- 411
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 11.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Molecular and Cellular Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (CA 41456, R01CA041456)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Keywords
- PU.1, macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor, transcription factor binding sites, promoter transactivation, tissue-specific gene expression, monocyte differentiation, placenta, monocytic cells, transcriptional regulation
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, B-Lymphocytes, Base Sequence, Binding Sites, Cell Line, DNA, DNA-Binding Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Macrophages, Molecular Sequence Data, Monocytes, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Tissue Distribution, Transcription Factors, Transcription, Genetic, Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic, Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
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