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Nested case-control study of night shift work and breast cancer risk among women in the Danish military
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Growing but limited evidence suggests that night shift work is associated with breast cancer. The authors conducted a nationwide case-control study nested within a cohort of 18,551 female military employees born in 1929-1968 to investigate the risk for breast cancer after night shift work and to explore the role of leisure time sun exposure and diurnal preference. METHODS: The authors documented 218 cases of breast cancer (1990-2003) and selected 899 age-matched controls from the cohort by incidence density sampling. Information on shift work, sun exposure habits, diurnal preference and other potential confounders was obtained from a structured questionnaire. ORs were estimated by multivariate conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Overall, the authors observed an adjusted OR of 1.4 (95% CI 0.9 to 2.1) among women with ever compared with never night shifts. The RR for breast cancer tended to increase with increasing number of years of night shift work (p=0.03) and with cumulative number of shifts (p=0.02),with a neutral risk for fewer than three night shifts per week. The OR for the group with the highest tertile of cumulative exposure was 2.3 (95% CI 1.2 to 4.6). The most pronounced effect of night shift work on breast cancer risk was observed in women with morning chronotype preference and intense night shifts (OR=3.9, 95% CI 1.6 to 9.5). Night shift workers tended to sunbathe more frequently than day workers. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that frequent night shift work increases the risk for breast cancer and suggest a higher risk with longer duration of intense night shifts. Women with morning preference who worked on night shifts tended to have a higher risk than those with evening preference.
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“Observational studies consistently suggest positive associations of night shift work and cardiovascular disease (CVD)2 and cancer risk.3-18”
From Total and Cause-Specific Mortality of U.S. Nurses Working Rotating Night Shifts (2015) · cites this paper as [4]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hansen, J., & Lassen, C. F.
- Affiliations
- Danish Cancer Society (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Hansen, Johnni
- Venue
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2012-05-29
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 551-556
- ISSN
- 0007-1072 (ISSN-L)
- 1351-0711
- 1470-7926
- OpenAlex
- W2160711420
- Cited by
- 214
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 32.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Risks and Factors
- Keywords
- night shift work, breast cancer risk, women in the military, diurnal preference, chronotype, sunbathing, occupational cancer risk
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Breast Neoplasms, Circadian Rhythm, Denmark, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Military Personnel, Occupations, Risk Factors, Sunlight, Work, Work Schedule Tolerance, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Case-Control Studies
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