Cited by 357Nutrition and Health StudiesTrace Elements in HealthIron Metabolism and Disorders

Micronutrients in Health and Disease

Open access
Shenkin, A·2006·Postgraduate Medical Journal

Abstract

Micronutrients play a central part in metabolism and in the maintenance of tissue function. An adequate intake therefore is necessary, but provision of excess supplements to people who do not need them may be harmful. Single micronutrient deficiency states are comparatively easily recognised and treated. Subclinical deficiency, often of multiple micronutrients, is more difficult to recognise, and laboratory assessment is often complicated by the acute phase response. Clinical benefit is most likely in those people who are severely depleted and at risk of complications, and is unlikely if this is not the case. There is little evidence for supplements leading to a reduction in the incidence of infections in the elderly population, in coronary artery disease, or in malignant disease. The best evidence for benefit is in critical illness, and in children in developing countries consuming a deficient diet. More clinical trials are required with good clinical outcomes to optimise intake in prevention and treatment of disease.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1136/pgmj.2006.047670

Cites

98 of 98 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) are essential for human health and exert numerous functions including antioxidant defence.

    “Despite their tiny amount, micronutrients, i.e., vitamins and minerals, are essential for human health, exerting numerous functions, including antioxidant defence ranging from genome-related processes, such as DNA replication and repair, to metabolic processes and antioxidant defence [407,408].”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

1 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 99 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Food and Nutrition Board IoM. Dietary reference intakes for thiamin, roboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1998.
  2. Cefalu WT, Bell-Farrow AD, Stigner-J, et al. Effect of chromium picolinate on insulin sensitivity in vivo. J Trace Elem Exp Biol 1999;12:71-84.
  3. Mishra V, Baines M, Perry S, et al. Selenium supplementation and outcome in septic ICU patients. Clin Chim Acta 2005;355:S45-6.
  4. Berger MM, Eggimann P, Revelly JP, et al. Selenium supplements reduce the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia after major burns. Clin Nutr 2005;24:614.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Shenkin, A.
Affiliations
University of Liverpool (GB)
Corresponding author
Shenkin, A
Venue
Postgraduate Medical Journal
Published
2006-09-01
Volume
82
Issue
971
Pages
559-567
ISSN
  • 0032-5473 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-0756
OpenAlex
W2112473561
Cited by
357
References
99
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
FWCI
0.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Postgraduate Medical Journal (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Iron Metabolism and Disorders
Keywords
micronutrients, micronutrient deficiency, subclinical deficiency, micronutrient supplementation, acute phase response, critical illness, infection control, older adults, coronary artery disease, cancer, developing countries, nutritional assessment
MeSH terms
Deficiency Diseases, Diet, Health Status, Humans, Metabolic Diseases, Nutrition Disorders, Nutritional Status, Reference Values, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, Vitamins, Micronutrients, Dietary Supplements

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review